{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T16:12:46Z","timestamp":1781885566967,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Generative AI, particularly tools like ChatGPT, is reshaping higher education by enhancing academic engagement, streamlining processes, and fostering innovation. This study investigates the determinants of ChatGPT adoption intentions (CGPTAIs) by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to include the mediating roles of perceived trust (PT) and perceived risk (PR). Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, the data from 435 participants were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the relationships among the perceived ease of use (PE), perceived intelligence (PI), perceived usefulness (PUSE), PT, and PR. \u03a4he findings reveal that the perceived ease of use (PE) and perceived intelligence (PI) significantly drive adoption intentions, while perceived usefulness (PUSE) plays a limited role. PR fully mediates the relationship between PUSE and CGPTAI and partially mediates PE and PI, while PT fully mediates PUSE and partially mediates PE, but not PI. Multi-group analysis highlights demographic differences, such as age and prior AI experience, in adoption pathways. These results challenge traditional TAM assumptions, advancing the model to account for the interplay of usability, intelligence, trust, and risk. Practical insights are provided for fostering ethical and responsible ChatGPT integration, safeguarding academic integrity, and promoting equitable access in higher education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info16020082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T11:09:02Z","timestamp":1737544142000},"page":"82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Determinants of ChatGPT Adoption Intention in Higher Education: Expanding on TAM with the Mediating Roles of Trust and Risk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2444-9796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanos","family":"Balaskas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6317-4284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vassilios","family":"Tsiantos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Kavala Campus, 65404 Kavala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevaste","family":"Chatzifotiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Work, School of Social, Political and Economic Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3743-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Rigou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, 26334 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s44366-024-0028-5","article-title":"A Systematic Literature Review of Empirical Research on Applying Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education","volume":"1","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. 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