{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T18:23:29Z","timestamp":1776882209201,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2022YFE0114100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0114100"]}]},{"name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","award":["2023020019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023020019"]}]},{"name":"International Exchange Program for Graduate Students, Tongji University","award":["2022YFE0114100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0114100"]}]},{"name":"International Exchange Program for Graduate Students, Tongji University","award":["2023020019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023020019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on Automation ML (AML), Intelligent Production Lines (IPLs) for Industry 4.0 can effectively organize multi-dimensional data and models. However, this process requires interdisciplinary and multi-team contributions, which often involve the dual pressures of private data encryption and public data sharing. As a transparent decentralized network, blockchain\u2019s compatibility with the challenges of AML collaboration processes, data security, and privacy is not ideal. This paper proposes a new method to enhance the collaborative evolution of IPLs. Its innovations are, firstly, developing a comprehensive two-layer management model, combining blockchain with the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to build an integrated solution for private and public hybrid containers based on a collaborative model; secondly, designing a version co-evolution management method by combining smart contract workflows and AML multi-dimensional modeling processes; meanwhile, introducing a specially designed conflict resolution mechanism based on the graph model to maintain consistency in version multi-batch management and; finally, using the test cases established in the lab\u2019s I5Blocks for verification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info16030243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T07:20:00Z","timestamp":1742282400000},"page":"243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["AML-Based Multi-Dimensional Co-Evolution Approach Supported by Blockchain: Architecture Design and Case Study on Intelligent Production Lines for Industry 4.0"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8874-0799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3266-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Detlef","family":"Gerhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digital Engineering Chair, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liuqun","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1007\/s10270-018-0667-4","article-title":"What practitioners really want: Requirements for visual notations in conceptual modeling","volume":"18","author":"Hadar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Softw. 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