{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T14:41:07Z","timestamp":1778424067501,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Classical edge detection algorithms often struggle to process large, high-resolution image datasets efficiently. Quantum image processing offers a promising alternative, but current implementations face significant challenges, such as time-consuming data acquisition, complex device requirements, and limited real-time processing capabilities. This work presents a novel paired transform-based quantum representation for efficient image processing. This representation enables the parallelization of convolution operations, simplifies gradient calculations, and facilitates the processing of one-dimensional and two-dimensional signals. We demonstrate that our approach achieves improved processing speed compared to classical methods while maintaining comparable accuracy. The successful implementation of real-world images highlights the potential of this research for large-scale quantum image processing, architecture-specific optimizations, and applications beyond edge detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info16040255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,24]],"date-time":"2025-03-24T06:21:38Z","timestamp":1742797298000},"page":"255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantum Edge Detection and Convolution Using Paired Transform-Based Image Representation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6683-0064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artyom","family":"Grigoryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0592-8553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4601-4507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sos","family":"Agaian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY 10031, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9435-4536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Panetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-664X(77)80024-5","article-title":"Edge detection by compass gradient masks","volume":"6","author":"Robinson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Comput. 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