{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T23:14:45Z","timestamp":1768778085976,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemical affinity involves the integration of two different types of interaction. One is the interaction operating between a pair of reactants while forming a chemical bond, and the other is the prior interaction between those reactants when they identify a reaction partner. The context of the environments under which chemical reactions proceed is identified by the interaction of the participating chemical reactants themselves unless the material process of internal measurement is substituted by theoretical artifacts in the form of imposed boundary conditions, as in the case, for example, of thermal equilibrium. The identification-interaction specific to each local participant serves as a preparation for the making of chemical bonds. The identification-interaction is intrinsically selective in precipitating those chemical bonds that are synthesized most rapidly among possible reactions. Once meta-stable products appear that mediate chemical syntheses and their partial decompositions without totally decomposing, those products would become selective because of their ongoing participation in the identification-interaction. One important natural example must have been the origin and evolution of life on Earth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/info3010021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T11:14:14Z","timestamp":1326712454000},"page":"21-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chemical Affinity as Material Agency for Naturalizing Contextual Meaning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7121-1804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koichiro","family":"Matsuno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan"}]},{"given":"Stanley N.","family":"Salthe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13754, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Matsuno, K. 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