{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T03:21:40Z","timestamp":1774581700013,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]],"date-time":"2024-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bulgarian FNI fund","award":["K\u03a0-06-H47\/4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06-H47\/4"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Informatics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The penetration of intelligent applications in education is rapidly increasing, posing a number of questions of a different nature to the educational community. This paper is coming to analyze and outline the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on teaching practice which is an essential problem considering its growing utilization and pervasion on a global scale. A bibliometric approach is applied to outdraw the \u201cbig picture\u201d considering gathered bibliographic data from scientific databases Scopus and Web of Science. Data on relevant publications matching the query \u201cartificial intelligence and teaching\u201d over the past 5 years have been researched and processed through Biblioshiny in R environment in order to establish a descriptive structure of the scientific production, to determine the impact of scientific publications, to trace collaboration patterns and to identify key research areas and emerging trends. The results point out the growth in scientific production lately that is an indicator of increased interest in the investigated topic by researchers who mainly work in collaborative teams as some of them are from different countries and institutions. The identified key research areas include techniques used in educational applications, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Additionally, there is a focus on applicable technologies like ChatGPT, learning analytics, and virtual reality. The research also explores the context of application for these techniques and technologies in various educational settings, including teaching, higher education, active learning, e-learning, and online learning. Based on our findings, the trending research topics can be encapsulated by terms such as ChatGPT, chatbots, AI, generative AI, machine learning, emotion recognition, large language models, convolutional neural networks, and decision theory. These findings offer valuable insights into the current landscape of research interests in the field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics11010010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T03:34:04Z","timestamp":1708918444000},"page":"10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Unveiling Insights: A Bibliometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence in Teaching"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-6226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malinka","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, Technical University of Sofia, Blvd. Kl. Ohridski 8, 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Grosseck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Faculty of Sociology and Psychology, West University of Timisoara, 4 Bd. Vasile P\u00e2rvan, 300223 Timisoara, Romania"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Holotescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering, \u201cIoan Slavici\u201d University of Timisoara, 144 Str. P\u0103unescu Podeanu, 300569 Timisoara, Romania"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-023-00261-x","article-title":"Adoption of artificial intelligence in science teaching: From the vantage point of the African science teachers","volume":"10","author":"Nja","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-023-00412-7","article-title":"Platform-independent and curriculum-oriented intelligent assistant for higher education","volume":"20","author":"Sajja","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farrelly, T., and Baker, N. (2023). Generative Artificial Intelligence: Implications and Considerations for Higher Education Practice. Educ. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci13111109"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grosseck, G., \u021a\u00eeru, L.G., and Bran, R.A. (2019). Education for Sustainable Development: Evolution and Perspectives: A Bibliometric Review of Research, 1992\u20132018. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11216136"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"2387","article-title":"Artificial intelligent based teaching and learning approaches: A comprehensive review","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Eval. Res. Educ."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dogan, M.E., Dogan, T.G., and Bozkurt, A. (2023). The Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Online Learning and Distance Education Processes: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13053056"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3991\/ijet.v18i13.39329","article-title":"Effectiveness of an Adaptive Learning Chatbot on Students\u2019 Learning Outcomes Based on Learning Styles","volume":"18","author":"Kaiss","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1177\/13505076231201445","article-title":"Generative artificial intelligence and academia: Implication for research, teaching and service","volume":"54","author":"Barros","year":"2023","journal-title":"Manag. Learn."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13860","article-title":"Editorial: Generative artificial intelligence and the ecology of human development","volume":"64","author":"Schuengel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270749","DOI":"10.3389\/frai.2023.1270749","article-title":"The scholarly footprint of ChatGPT: A bibliometric analysis of the early outbreak phase","volume":"6","author":"Farhat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2022.100118","article-title":"Systematic literature review on opportunities, challenges, and future research recommendations of artificial intelligence in education","volume":"4","author":"Chiu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Technology (2024, February 16). Artificial Intelligence and Future of Teaching and Learning: Insights and Recommendations, Available online: https:\/\/www2.ed.gov\/documents\/ai-report\/ai-report.pdf."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/s41649-022-00237-y","article-title":"The Ethics of Emotional Artificial Intelligence: A Mixed Method analysis","volume":"15","author":"Ghotbi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian Bioeth. Rev."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Nassar, R. (2024, February 16). The Power of Empathy in AI: Balancing Artificial Intelligence with Emotional Intelligence. Available online: https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/pulse\/power-empathy-ai-balancing-artificial-intelligence-emotional-nassar."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-023-01675-w","article-title":"AI will never convey the essence of human empathy","volume":"7","author":"Perry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bittencourt, I.I., Chalco, G., Santos, J., Fernandes, S., Silva, J., Batista, N., Hutz, C., and Isotani, S. (2023). Positive Artificial Intelligence in Education (P-AIED): A roadmap. Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 1\u201361.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40593-023-00357-y"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100072","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjoc.2023.100072","article-title":"How does generative artificial intelligence impact student creativity?","volume":"34","author":"Habib","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Creat."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shams, R.A., Zowghi, D., and Bano, M. (2023). AI and the quest for diversity and inclusion: A systematic literature review. AI Ethics, 1\u201328.","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-023-00362-w"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Mersni, A., Yeremenko, O., Lemeshko, V., and Persikov, M. (2023, January 20\u201322). Gender Issues and Solutions in the ChatGPT AI Tool. Proceedings of the ACM womENcourage\u201923, Trondheim, Norway. Available online: https:\/\/womencourage.acm.org\/2023\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/womencourage2023-posters-paper61.pdf."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mishra, D., Ngoc Le, A., and McDowell, Z. (2024). Communication Technology and Gender Violence, Springer. Signals and Communication Technology.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-45237-6"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dijkhuis, T.B., Blaauw, F.J., Van Ittersum, M.W., Velthuijsen, H., and Aiello, M. (2018). Personalized Physical Activity Coaching: A Machine Learning Approach. Sensors, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/s18020623"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-023-00286-2","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities of AI in inclusive education: A case study of data-enhanced active reading in Japan","volume":"10","author":"Toyokawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"92","article-title":"A Systematic review of the artificial intelligence implications in shaping the future of higher education","volume":"21","author":"Popenici","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educa\u0163ia"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luo, J. (2024). A critical review of GenAI policies in higher education assessment: A call to reconsider the \u201coriginality\u201d of students\u2019 work. Assess. Eval. High. Educ., 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1080\/02602938.2024.2309963"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.46328\/ijres.2409","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in education: A bibliometric study","volume":"7","author":"Talan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Educ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1108\/ITSE-01-2023-0007","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in personalised learning: A bibliometric analysis","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interact. Technol. Smart Educ."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2261730","DOI":"10.1080\/08839514.2023.2261730","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in higher education: A bibliometric analysis and topic modeling approach","volume":"37","author":"Maphosa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1162\/qss_a_00019","article-title":"Scopus as a curated, high-quality bibliometric data source for academic research in quantitative science studies","volume":"1","author":"Baas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Quant. Sci. Stud."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pranckut\u0117, R. (2021). Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus: The Titans of Bibliographic Information in Today\u2019s Academic World. Publications, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/publications9010012"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"7","article-title":"How Can ChatGPT Facilitate Teaching and Learning: Implications for Contemporary Education","volume":"12","author":"Karakose","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educ. Process"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procir.2023.05.002","article-title":"Reconceptualizing ChatGPT and generative AI as a student-driven innovation in higher education","volume":"119","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Procedia CIRP"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dche.2023.100126","article-title":"Complementary role of large language models in educating undergraduate design of distillation column: Methodology development","volume":"9","author":"Kong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digit. Chem. Eng."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s40561-023-00273-7","article-title":"Exploring the potential of using ChatGPT in physics education","volume":"10","author":"Liang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Smart Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-023-00425-2","article-title":"AI-generated feedback on writing: Insights into efficacy and ENL student preference","volume":"20","author":"Escalante","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206936","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2023.1206936","article-title":"The Impact of ChatGPT on Higher Education","volume":"8","author":"Dempere","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Educ."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrington, N.M., Gupta, N., Musmar, B., Doyle, D., Panico, N., Godbole, N., Reardon, T., and D\u2019Amico, R.S. (2023). A Bibliometric Analysis of the Rise of ChatGPT in Medical Research. Med. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci11030061"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Crompton, H., Jones, M.V., and Burke, D. (2022). Affordances and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in K-12 Education: A Systematic Review. J. Res. Technol. Educ., 1\u201321.","DOI":"10.1080\/15391523.2022.2121344"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4270","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2021.1958348","article-title":"Roles and Research Foci of Artificial Intelligence in Language Education: An Integrated Bibliographic Analysis and Systematic Review Approach","volume":"31","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Interact. Learn. Environ."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.46328\/ijte.606","article-title":"A bibliometric analysis of research on ChatGPT in education","volume":"7","author":"Polat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol. Educ."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joi.2017.08.007","article-title":"bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis","volume":"11","author":"Aria","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Informetr."},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"e58494","article-title":"Comparing Bibliometric Analysis Using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Databases","volume":"152","author":"AlRyalat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp. Jove"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"178","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"134","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"(2024, February 16). PRISMA Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Available online: http:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Fraumann, G., and Mutz, R. (2024, February 16). The H-Index. Available online: https:\/\/arxiv.org\/ftp\/arxiv\/papers\/2112\/2112.02175.pdf."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239-019-0171-0","article-title":"Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education\u2014Where are the educators?","volume":"16","author":"Bond","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Technol. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75264","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2988510","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642","article-title":"\u201cSo what if ChatGPT wrote it?\u201d Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy","volume":"71","author":"Dwivedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2020.103862","article-title":"Chatbots for learning: A review of educational chatbots for the Facebook Messenger","volume":"151","author":"Smutny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lindif.2023.102274","article-title":"ChatGPT for good? On opportunities and challenges of large language models for education","volume":"103","author":"Kasneci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Learn. Individ. Differ."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2019.103599","article-title":"Trends and development in technology-enhanced adaptive\/personalized learning: A systematic review of journal publications from 2007 to 2017","volume":"140","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Educ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2020.100001","article-title":"Vision, challenges, roles and research issues of Artificial Intelligence in Education","volume":"1","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002693","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence in Surgery: Promises and Perils","volume":"268","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Surg."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.08.233","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence trends in education: A narrative overview","volume":"136","author":"Chassignol","year":"2018","journal-title":"Procedia Comput. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/1536504219865226","article-title":"Demystifying AI: What Digital Transformation Leaders Can Teach You about Realistic Artificial Intelligence","volume":"61","author":"Brock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Calif. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-019-0830-7","article-title":"Attitudes and perceptions of UK medical students towards artificial intelligence and radiology: A multicentre survey","volume":"11","author":"Sit","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.caeai.2022.100056","article-title":"Rethinking the entwinement between artificial intelligence and human learning: What capabilities do learners need for a world with AI?","volume":"3","author":"Markauskaite","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell."}],"container-title":["Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9709\/11\/1\/10\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:04:45Z","timestamp":1760105085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9709\/11\/1\/10"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["informatics11010010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/informatics11010010","relation":{},"ISSN":["2227-9709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2227-9709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,25]]}}}