{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:30:40Z","timestamp":1760059840914,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universitas Indonesia","award":["PKS-273\/UN2.RST\/HKP.05.00\/2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PKS-273\/UN2.RST\/HKP.05.00\/2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Informatics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Data center virtualization has grown rapidly alongside the expansion of application-based services but continues to face significant challenges, such as downtime caused by suboptimal hardware selection, load balancing, power management, incident response, and resource allocation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a combined machine learning method that uses an MDP to choose which VMs to move, the RF method to sort the VMs according to load, and NSGA-III to achieve multiple optimization objectives, such as reducing downtime, improving SLA, and increasing energy efficiency. For this model, the GWA-Bitbrains dataset was used, on which it had a classification accuracy of 98.77%, a MAPE of 7.69% in predicting migration duration, and an energy efficiency improvement of 90.80%. The results of real-world experiments show that the hybrid machine learning strategy could significantly reduce the data center workload, increase the total migration time, and decrease the downtime. The results of hybrid machine learning affirm the effectiveness of integrating the MDP, RF method, and NSGA-III for providing holistic solutions in VM placement strategies for large-scale data centers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/informatics12030071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T15:01:05Z","timestamp":1752591665000},"page":"71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strategy for Precopy Live Migration and VM Placement in Data Centers Based on Hybrid Machine Learning"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0230-9872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taufik","family":"Hidayat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0374-4465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalamullah","family":"Ramli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3580-9128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruki","family":"Harwahyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00607-024-01318-6","article-title":"Optimizing pre-copy live virtual machine migration in cloud computing using machine learning-based prediction model","volume":"106","author":"Haris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Computing"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-023-04001-1","article-title":"A machine learning-based optimization approach for pre-copy live virtual machine migration","volume":"27","author":"Haris","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clust. 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