{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:18:12Z","timestamp":1760145492573,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of examiner experience on measurements of bone-loss using high-dose (HD) and low-dose (LD) CBCT. Three diagnosticians with varying levels of CBCT interpretation experience measured bone-loss from CBCT scans of three cadaveric heads at 30 sites, conducting measurements twice. Between the first and second measurements, diagnostician 2 and diagnostician 3 received training in LD-CBCT diagnostics. The diagnosticians also classified the certainty of their measurements using a three-grade scale. The accuracy of bone-loss measurements was assessed using the absolute difference between observed and clinical measurements and compared among diagnosticians with different experience levels for both HD and LD-CBCT. At baseline, there was a significant difference in measurement accuracy between diagnostician 1 and diagnostician 2, and between diagnostician 1 and diagnostician 3, but not between diagnostician 2 and diagnostician 3. Training improved the accuracy of both HD-CBCT and LD-CBCT measurements in diagnostician 2, and of LD-CBCT measurements in diagnostician 3. Regarding measurement certainty, there was a significant difference among diagnosticians before training. Training enhanced the certainty for diagnosticians 2 and 3, with a significant improvement noted only for diagnostician 3. Examiner experience level significantly impacts the accuracy and certainty of bone-loss measurements using HD- and LD-CBCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging10080177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T08:47:17Z","timestamp":1721810837000},"page":"177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Examiner Experience on the Measurement of Bone-Loss by Low-Dose Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Maurice","family":"Ruetters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Korallia","family":"Alexandrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2181-3505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Ciardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sinclair","family":"Awounvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Gehrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ti-Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6995-5572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Lux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5907-5398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sinan","family":"Sen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Stra\u00dfe 3, 24105 Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fuhrmann, A. 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