{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:46:25Z","timestamp":1782960385391,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU Recovery and Resilience Facility","award":["5.2.1.1.i.0\/2\/24\/I\/CFLA\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5.2.1.1.i.0\/2\/24\/I\/CFLA\/003"]}]},{"name":"EU Recovery and Resilience Facility","award":["1018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1018"]}]},{"name":"academic career doctoral grant","award":["5.2.1.1.i.0\/2\/24\/I\/CFLA\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5.2.1.1.i.0\/2\/24\/I\/CFLA\/003"]}]},{"name":"academic career doctoral grant","award":["1018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Segmentation neural networks are widely used in medical imaging to identify anomalies that may impact patient health. Despite their effectiveness, these networks face significant challenges, including the need for extensive annotated patient data, time-consuming manual segmentation processes and restricted data access due to privacy concerns. In contrast, classification neural networks, similar to segmentation neural networks, capture essential parameters for identifying objects during training. This paper leverages this characteristic, combined with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques, to address the challenges of segmentation. By adapting classification neural networks for segmentation tasks, the proposed approach reduces dependency on manual segmentation. To demonstrate this concept, the Medical Segmentation Decathlon \u2018Brain Tumours\u2019 dataset was utilised. A ResNet classification neural network was trained, and XAI tools were applied to generate segmentation-like outputs. Our findings reveal that GuidedBackprop is among the most efficient and effective methods, producing heatmaps that closely resemble segmentation masks by accurately highlighting the entirety of the target object.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging11020055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T05:10:22Z","timestamp":1739423422000},"page":"55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Adapting Classification Neural Network Architectures for Medical Image Segmentation Using Explainable AI"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3356-4764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arturs","family":"Nikulins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science, Information Technology and Energy, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5329-4426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgars","family":"Edelmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science, Information Technology and Energy, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, R\u012bga Stradi\u0146\u0161 University, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Institute of Electronics and Computer Science, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9110-9065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaspars","family":"Sudars","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Electronics and Computer Science, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9892-7765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inese","family":"Polaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science, Information Technology and Energy, Riga Technical University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shimron, E., and Perlman, O. 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