{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T17:37:40Z","timestamp":1778866660332,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Calgary, School of Veterinary Science","award":["# 10004657"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["# 10004657"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Measurements of radiated thermal output are claimed to reflect the metabolic efficiency of mammals. This is important in food-producing animals because a measure of metabolic efficiency may translate to desirable characteristics, such as growth efficiency or residual feed intake, and permit the grouping of animals by metabolic characteristics that can be more precisely managed. This study addresses the question of whether radiated thermal parameters are characteristic of individual animals under normal and metabolically-challenging conditions. Consistency in radiated thermal output was demonstrated over a period of four weeks on condition that a sufficiently representative sample of measurements could be made on individual animals. The study provided evidence that infrared thermography could be used as an automated, rapid, and reliable tool for assessing thermoregulatory processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging2030021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T09:47:19Z","timestamp":1468230439000},"page":"21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessing Consistency in Radiated Thermal Output of Beef Steers by Infrared Thermography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1530-4376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigel","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C &amp; E Trail, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edouard","family":"Timsit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Colyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brady","family":"Chabot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, AB, T4L 1W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Wolfger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731113000888","article-title":"Reducing GHG emmissions through genetic improvements for feed efficiency: Effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production","volume":"7","author":"Basarab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1963.222486x","article-title":"Efficiency of feed use in beef cattle","volume":"22","author":"Koch","year":"1963","journal-title":"J. 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