{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:13:30Z","timestamp":1760210010165,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mobile change detection systems allow for acquiring image sequences on a route of interest at different time points and display changes on a monitor. For the display of color images, a processing approach is required to enhance details, to reduce lightness\/color inconsistencies along each image sequence as well as between corresponding image sequences due to the different illumination conditions, and to determine colors with natural appearance. We have developed a real-time local\/global color processing approach for local contrast enhancement and lightness\/color consistency, which processes images of the different sequences independently. Our approach combines the center\/surround Retinex model and the Gray World hypothesis using a nonlinear color processing function. We propose an extended gain\/offset scheme for Retinex to reduce the halo effect on shadow boundaries, and we employ stacked integral images (SII) for efficient Gaussian convolution. By applying the gain\/offset function before the color processing function, we avoid color inversion issues, compared to the original scheme. Our combined Retinex\/Gray World approach has been successfully applied to pairs of image sequences acquired on outdoor routes for change detection, and an experimental comparison with previous Retinex-based approaches has been carried out.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging3030035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T11:32:27Z","timestamp":1503487947000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Color Consistency and Local Contrast Enhancement for a Mobile Image-Based Change Detection System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6772-0246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Tektonidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Visionics and Processing Group, French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, 5 rue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Cassagnou, 68300 Saint-Louis, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Monnin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Visionics and Processing Group, French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis, 5 rue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Cassagnou, 68300 Saint-Louis, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monnin, D., Schneider, A.L., and Bieber, E. (2010, January 20). Detecting suspicious objects along frequently used itineraries. Proceedings of the SPIE, Security and Defence: Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications VII, Toulouse, France.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.865072"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1109\/83.557356","article-title":"Properties and performance of a center\/surround Retinex","volume":"6","author":"Jobson","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.13176\/11.9","article-title":"An overview of color constancy algorithms","volume":"1","author":"Agarwal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pattern Recognit. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1277-108","article-title":"The Retinex Theory of Color Vision","volume":"237","author":"Land","year":"1977","journal-title":"Sci. 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