{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T18:46:21Z","timestamp":1776019581002,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]],"date-time":"2019-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>True-color holograms, as they are the most advanced and realistic three-dimensional images obtainable with current technologies, can become valuable tools for the preservation, documentation and diffusion of cultural heritage. In this respect, the transportable Z3RGB color holography system and the HoLoFoSTM illuminant developed by the Hellenic Institute of Holography have been successfully utilized for the in-situ recording and displaying of OptoClonesTM (Denisyuk-type color holograms) in four museums and two countries. The holographic image of an OptoCloneTM is characterized by a wide angle of view, full parallax and perspective, good color rendition and ultra-realistic reproduction of the optical properties of the materials of an artefact. In this paper, we report on our accumulated expertise in on-site holographic documentation of museum artworks of various types, already from four museums of world caliber and reputation (Athens and Thessaloniki Byzantine, Faberg\u00e9 Museum of St. Petersburg and Diamond Fund of Russia). In one case, a world\u2019s first, the in-situ recorded OptoClonesTM have been subsequently displayed as part of the permanent exhibition of the Byzantine &amp; Christian Museum of Athens in replacement of the original artifacts while on loan. On another occasion involving State Treasures from the Diamond Fund of Russia, the recorded OptoClonesTM exhibited inside the Moscow Kremlin were highly appraised by officials and international experts as well as the general public allowing reasonable optimism for the prospects of Display Holography for museums.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging5060059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T03:24:41Z","timestamp":1560741881000},"page":"59","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Color Holography for the Documentation and Dissemination of Cultural Heritage: OptoClonesTM from Four Museums in Two Countries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8930-0533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Sarakinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hellenic Institute of Holography, 28 Dionysou Street, 15234 Chalandri, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alkis","family":"Lembessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hellenic Institute of Holography, 28 Dionysou Street, 15234 Chalandri, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019, April 19). Holography Applied to Protection, Preservation and Non-Destructive Evaluation of Cultural Heritage | Projects | IC | CORDIS | European Commission. Available online: https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/project\/rcn\/33449_en.html."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bjelkhagen, H.I., Lembessis, A., and Sarakinos, A. (2016). Ultra-Realistic Imaging and OptoClones, SPIE OPTO. 977105 (7 March 2016).","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2207524"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A123","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.47.00A123","article-title":"Color holography to produce highly realistic three-dimensional images","volume":"47","author":"Bjelkhagen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Bazargan, K. (1986). Techniques in Display Holography. [Ph.D. Thesis, Optics Section, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College of Science and Technology]."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Klein, A. (1996). Dispersion Compensation for Reflection Holography. [Master\u2019s Thesis, Media Arts and Sciences, M.I.T.]."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012028","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/415\/1\/012028","article-title":"What are the ideal wavelengths for full color holography?","volume":"415","author":"Bazargan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012024","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/415\/1\/012024","article-title":"A transportable system for the in situ recording of color Denisyuk holograms of Greek cultural heritage artifacts in silver halide panchromatic emulsions and an optimized illuminating device for the finished holograms","volume":"415","author":"Sarakinos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sarakinos, A., Zervos, N., and Lembessis, A. (2013). Holofos: An Optimized LED Illumination System for Color Reflection Holograms Display, SPIE OPTO. 86440I-1-9 (2013).","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2003959"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2019, April 19). IHMA Awards 2015. Available online: https:\/\/www.ihma.org\/2015-awards-view-article.aspx?id=73."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"(2019, April 19). IHMA Awards 2017. Available online: https:\/\/www.ihma.org\/news-article\/hellenic-institute-of-holography-for-optoclones-of-russian-state-treasures-from-the-moscow-kremlin-diamond-fund."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"(2019, April 19). Holography and Its Applications in Museum Work. UNESCO CLT\/84\/WS.16. Available online: http:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/images\/0006\/000618\/061842eb.pdf."},{"key":"ref_12","unstructured":"(2019, April 19). OptoClones for an \u2018Oscar\u2019?. Available online: http:\/\/www.hih.org.gr\/en\/news\/92-isitworththeprize.html."}],"container-title":["Journal of Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2313-433X\/5\/6\/59\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T12:58:48Z","timestamp":1760187528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2313-433X\/5\/6\/59"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jimaging5060059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jimaging5060059","relation":{},"ISSN":["2313-433X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2313-433X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]]}}}