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Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images is an active area of research. Following the rise of deep learning methods, many data-driven models have been proposed in recent years. In this work, we present the results of a data challenge that we organized, bringing together algorithm experts from different institutes to jointly work on quantitative evaluation of several data-driven methods on two large, public datasets during a ten day sprint. We focus on two applications of CT, namely, low-dose CT and sparse-angle CT. This enables us to fairly compare different methods using standardized settings. As a general result, we observe that the deep learning-based methods are able to improve the reconstruction quality metrics in both CT applications while the top performing methods show only minor differences in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM). We further discuss a number of other important criteria that should be taken into account when selecting a method, such as the availability of training data, the knowledge of the physical measurement model and the reconstruction speed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7030044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T10:36:37Z","timestamp":1614681397000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Quantitative Comparison of Deep Learning-Based Image Reconstruction Methods for Low-Dose and Sparse-Angle CT Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7361-9523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Leuschner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 5, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8710-1389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 5, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1672-7194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poulami Somanya","family":"Ganguly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum Wiskunde &amp; Informatica, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"The Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2938-7558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladyslav","family":"Andriiashen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum Wiskunde &amp; Informatica, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9935-5906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophia Bethany","family":"Coban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum Wiskunde &amp; Informatica, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7265-261X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Denker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 5, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8781-2882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1063-4261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Hadjifaradji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3154-8576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kees Joost","family":"Batenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum Wiskunde &amp; Informatica, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1448-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Maass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Industrial Mathematics, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 5, 28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maureen","family":"van Eijnatten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centrum Wiskunde &amp; Informatica, Science Park 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"265","article-title":"Emerging clinical applications of computed tomography","volume":"8","author":"Liguori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. 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