{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:27:22Z","timestamp":1772252842578,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]],"date-time":"2022-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ARC Linkage LP190100505 project","award":["857627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857627"]}]},{"name":"ARC Linkage LP190100505 project","award":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"]}]},{"name":"ARC Linkage LP190100505 project","award":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["857627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857627"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"]}]},{"name":"State Education Development Agency (SEDA)","award":["857627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857627"]}]},{"name":"State Education Development Agency (SEDA)","award":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"]}]},{"name":"State Education Development Agency (SEDA)","award":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012551","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["857627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857627"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012551","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012551","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)","award":["857627"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857627"]}]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)","award":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.2\/VIAA\/3\/19\/436"]}]},{"name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)","award":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1.1.1.5\/19\/A\/003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Indirect-imaging methods involve at least two steps, namely optical recording and computational reconstruction. The optical-recording process uses an optical modulator that transforms the light from the object into a typical intensity distribution. This distribution is numerically processed to reconstruct the object\u2019s image corresponding to different spatial and spectral dimensions. There have been numerous optical-modulation functions and reconstruction methods developed in the past few years for different applications. In most cases, a compatible pair of the optical-modulation function and reconstruction method gives optimal performance. A new reconstruction method, termed nonlinear reconstruction (NLR), was developed in 2017 to reconstruct the object image in the case of optical-scattering modulators. Over the years, it has been revealed that the NLR can reconstruct an object\u2019s image modulated by an axicons, bifocal lenses and even exotic spiral diffractive elements, which generate deterministic optical fields. Apparently, NLR seems to be a universal reconstruction method for indirect imaging. In this review, the performance of NLR isinvestigated for many deterministic and stochastic optical fields. Simulation and experimental results for different cases are presented and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging8060174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T01:43:27Z","timestamp":1655775807000},"page":"174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Nonlinear Reconstruction of Images from Patterns Generated by Deterministic or Random Optical Masks\u2014Concepts and Review of Research"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Sciences Center and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}]},{"given":"Shivasubramanian","family":"Gopinath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"given":"Francis Gracy","family":"Arockiaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8325-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andra Naresh Kumar","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hee Photonic Labs, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Nonlinear Optics, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2733-1136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinoth","family":"Balasubramani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7614-6784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9164-3399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soon Hock","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Sciences Center and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Katkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Sciences Center and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"}]},{"given":"Shakina Jothi","family":"Selva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"given":"Dhanalakshmi","family":"Renganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"given":"Manueldoss Beaula Ruby","family":"Kamalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"given":"Aravind Simon","family":"John Francis Rajeswary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"}]},{"given":"Srinivasan","family":"Navaneethakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, Thiagarajar College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6022-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen Rajkumar","family":"Inbanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PG & Research Department of Physics, The American College, Madurai 625009, India"}]},{"given":"Sandhra-Mirella","family":"Valdma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"}]},{"given":"Periyasamy Angamuthu","family":"Praveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"},{"name":"Organic Optoelectronics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati 517507, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6227-0733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayavel","family":"Amudhavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"},{"name":"School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal 466114, India"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoj","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"}]},{"given":"Rashid A.","family":"Ganeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Nonlinear Optics, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia"},{"name":"Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers, National Research University, Kori Niyozov Str. 39, Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan"}]},{"given":"Pierre J.","family":"Magistretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Depeursinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3542-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulius","family":"Juodkazis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Sciences Center and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"},{"name":"Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9739-2180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8867-1949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijayakumar","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Optical Sciences Center and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Optical Sciences Center, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.64.001092","article-title":"Geometrical transformations in optics","volume":"64","author":"Bryngdahl","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.11.000001","article-title":"Recent advances in self-interference incoherent digital holography","volume":"11","author":"Rosen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Photon."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, J.P., Tahara, T., Hayasaki, Y., and Poon, T.-C. (2018). Incoherent digital holography: A review. Appl. Sci., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/app8010143"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.3807\/JOSK.2009.13.4.406","article-title":"Optical scanning holography-a review of recent progress","volume":"13","author":"Poon","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Korea."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosen, J., Alford, S., Anand, V., Art, J., Bouchal, P., Bouchal, Z., Erdenebat, M.U., Huang, L., Ishii, A., and Juodkazis, S. (2021). Roadmap on recent progress in FINCH technology. J. Imaging., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging7100197"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340-021-07729-z","article-title":"Roadmap on chaos-inspired imaging technologies (CI2-Tech)","volume":"128","author":"Rosen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.32.000912","article-title":"Digital spatially incoherent Fresnel holography","volume":"32","author":"Rosen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26249","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.026249","article-title":"Theoretical and experimental demonstration of resolution beyond the Rayleigh limit by FINCH fluorescence microscopic imaging","volume":"19","author":"Rosen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125103","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/abd12e","article-title":"Tunable edge enhancement by higher-order spiral Fresnel incoherent correlation holography system","volume":"54","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Phys. D Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9231","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.417206","article-title":"Comparative study on resolution enhancements in fluorescence-structured illumination Fresnel incoherent correlation holography","volume":"29","author":"Jeon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4018(84)90079-8","article-title":"Phase imaging by the transport equation of intensity","volume":"49","author":"Streibl","year":"1984","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.80.2586","article-title":"Noninterferometric phase imaging with partially coherent light","volume":"80","author":"Paganin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"053840","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.79.053840","article-title":"Ghost imaging with a single detector","volume":"79","author":"Bromberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmeas.2016.08.002","article-title":"Coded-aperture imaging systems: Past, present and future development\u2013A review","volume":"92","author":"Gamage","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiat. Meas."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"24","article-title":"Review of engineering techniques in chaotic coded aperture imagers","volume":"3","author":"Anand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Light Adv. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1017\/S1323358000011292","article-title":"Fourier transform photography: A new method for X-ray astronomy","volume":"1","author":"Ables","year":"1968","journal-title":"Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L101","DOI":"10.1086\/180230","article-title":"Scatter-hole cameras for X-rays and gamma rays","volume":"153","author":"Dicke","year":"1968","journal-title":"Astrophys. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1109\/TNS.1975.4327666","article-title":"Best linear decoding of random mask images","volume":"22","author":"Woods","year":"1975","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.17.000337","article-title":"Coded aperture imaging with uniformly redundant arrays","volume":"17","author":"Fenimore","year":"1978","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9002(89)90403-8","article-title":"A balloon-borne coded aperture telescope for low-energy gamma-ray astronomy","volume":"274","author":"Dunphy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A Accel. Spectrom. Detect. Assoc. Equip."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4742","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.31.004742","article-title":"Design of a modified uniform redundant-array mask for portable gamma cameras","volume":"31","author":"Olmos","year":"1992","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2013.2278763","article-title":"Compressive coded aperture spectral imaging: An introduction","volume":"31","author":"Arce","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Signal. Processing Mag."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4294","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.004294","article-title":"Optical imaging with phase-coded aperture","volume":"19","author":"Chi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.27.000391","article-title":"Resolution enhancement in nonlinear interferenceless COACH with point response of subdiffraction limit patterns","volume":"27","author":"Rai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12430","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.012430","article-title":"Coded aperture correlation holography\u2013a new type of incoherent digital holograms","volume":"24","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13883","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.013883","article-title":"Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography\u2013a new technique for recording incoherent digital holograms without two-wave interference","volume":"25","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18143","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.26.018143","article-title":"Non-linear adaptive three-dimensional imaging with interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography (I-COACH)","volume":"26","author":"Rai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ng, S.H., Anand, V., Katkus, T., and Juodkazis, S. (2021). Invasive and non-invasive observation of occluded fast transient events: Computational Tools. Photonics, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics8070253"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5982","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.58.005982","article-title":"Implementation of a speckle-correlation-based optical lever with extended dynamic range","volume":"58","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200004","DOI":"10.29026\/oea.2020.200004","article-title":"Fresnel incoherent correlation holography with single camera shot","volume":"3","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Opto-Electron. Adv."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340-021-07701-x","article-title":"Imaging with diffractive axicons rapidly milled on sapphire by femtosecond laser ablation","volume":"127","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s11671-022-03676-6","article-title":"Three-dimensional incoherent imaging using spiral rotating point spread functions created by double-helix beams","volume":"17","author":"Anand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anand, V., Rosen, J., Ng, S.H., Katkus, T., Linklater, D.P., Ivanova, E.P., and Juodkazis, S. (2021). Edge and Contrast Enhancement Using Spatially Incoherent Correlation Holography Techniques. Photonics, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics8060224"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13902","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70849-7","article-title":"Single shot multispectral multidimensional imaging using chaotic waves","volume":"10","author":"Anand","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000032","DOI":"10.1002\/adpr.202000032","article-title":"Spatio-spectral-temporal imaging of fast transient phenomena using a random array of pinholes","volume":"2","author":"Anand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Photonics Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.42.001966","article-title":"Laguerre\u2013Gaussian modal q-plates","volume":"42","author":"Rafayelyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"041205","DOI":"10.1117\/1.OE.59.4.041205","article-title":"Generation and decomposition of scalar and vector modes carrying orbital angular momentum: A review","volume":"59","author":"Pachava","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Eng."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.31.002708","article-title":"Experimental investigation of Bessel beam characteristics","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2344","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.27.002344","article-title":"Optical element for generation of accelerating Airy beams","volume":"27","author":"Yalizay","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. A."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20131","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.21.020131","article-title":"Enhanced resolution in Fourier incoherent single channel holography (FISCH) with reduced optical path difference","volume":"21","author":"Kelner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5932","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.52.005932","article-title":"Characterization and correction of spherical aberration due to glass substrate in the design and fabrication of Fresnel zone lenses","volume":"52","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAA.17.001785","article-title":"Optical generation of focus wave modes","volume":"17","author":"Reivelt","year":"2000","journal-title":"JOSA A"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.29.001796","article-title":"Optical vortex beam shaping by use of highly efficient irregular spiral phase plates for optical micromanipulation","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211108","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3517519","article-title":"Photopolymerized microscopic vortex beam generators: Precise delivery of optical orbital angular momentum","volume":"97","author":"Brasselet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8207","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.008207","article-title":"Image artifacts in hybrid imaging systems with a cubic phase mask","volume":"18","author":"Demenikov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.53.001970","article-title":"Quasi-achromatic Fresnel zone lens with ring focus","volume":"53","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1109\/3.64369","article-title":"Axicon: A new laser beam delivery system for corneal surgery","volume":"26","author":"Ren","year":"1990","journal-title":"IEEE J. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11731-x","article-title":"Incoherent digital holograms acquired by interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography system without refractive lenses","volume":"7","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.21.000842","article-title":"Gerchberg\u2013Saxton algorithm applied in the fractional Fourier or the Fresnel domain","volume":"21","author":"Zalevsky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7321","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.399088","article-title":"Interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography with synthetic point spread holograms","volume":"59","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15551","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.426021","article-title":"White light three-dimensional imaging using a quasi-random lens","volume":"29","author":"Anand","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5047","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.005047","article-title":"Optimal resolution in Fresnel incoherent correlation holographic fluorescence microscopy","volume":"19","author":"Brooker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.38.000585","article-title":"Rotating point spread function via pupil-phase engineering","volume":"38","author":"Prasad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"30","article-title":"Deep-learning-based image reconstruction and enhancement in optical microscopy","volume":"108","author":"Rivenson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. IEEE"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F67","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.56.000F67","article-title":"Coded aperture correlation holography system with improved performance","volume":"56","author":"Vijayakumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2015.05.074","article-title":"Spectral, morphological, linear and nonlinear optical properties of nanostructured benzimidazole metal complex thin films","volume":"150","author":"Praveen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"025024","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1591\/aa5cda","article-title":"Theoretical and experimental investigations on linear and nonlinear optical response of metal complexes doped PMMA films","volume":"4","author":"Praveen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Express"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, P., and Yang, R. (2022). Generating different polarized multiple vortex beams at different frequencies from laminated meta-surface lenses. Micromachines, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13010061"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24311","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.27.024311","article-title":"Noise suppression by controlling the sparsity of the point spread function in interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography (I-COACH)","volume":"27","author":"Rai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42106","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.446945","article-title":"Coded aperture correlation holography (COACH) with a superior lateral resolution of FINCH and axial resolution of conventional direct imaging systems","volume":"29","author":"Bulbul","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.444783","article-title":"High-quality interferenceless coded aperture correlation holography with optimized high SNR holograms","volume":"61","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210006","DOI":"10.29026\/oes.2022.210006","article-title":"Single-shot mid-infrared incoherent holography using Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm","volume":"1","author":"Anand","year":"2022","journal-title":"Opto-Electron. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2313-433X\/8\/6\/174\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:35:33Z","timestamp":1760139333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2313-433X\/8\/6\/174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jimaging8060174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jimaging8060174","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.20944\/preprints202205.0399.v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2313-433X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2313-433X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,20]]}}}