{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T09:10:09Z","timestamp":1773133809377,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FCT National Roadmap of Research Infrastructures","award":["PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122"]}]},{"name":"FCT National Roadmap of Research Infrastructures","award":["SFRH\/BD\/120435\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/120435\/2016"]}]},{"name":"FCT National Roadmap of Research Infrastructures","award":["SFRH\/BD\/122365\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/122365\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, and is responsible for more than half a million deaths each year. The appropriate therapy depends on the evaluation of the expression of various biomarkers, such as the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) transmembrane protein, through specialized techniques, such as immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. In this work, we present the HER2 on hematoxylin and eosin (HEROHE) challenge, a parallel event of the 16th European Congress on Digital Pathology, which aimed to predict the HER2 status in breast cancer based only on hematoxylin\u2013eosin-stained tissue samples, thus avoiding specialized techniques. The challenge consisted of a large, annotated, whole-slide images dataset (509), specifically collected for the challenge. Models for predicting HER2 status were presented by 21 teams worldwide. The best-performing models are presented by detailing the network architectures and key parameters. Methods are compared and approaches, core methodologies, and software choices contrasted. Different evaluation metrics are discussed, as well as the performance of the presented models for each of these metrics. Potential differences in ranking that would result from different choices of evaluation metrics highlight the need for careful consideration at the time of their selection, as the results show that some metrics may misrepresent the true potential of a model to solve the problem for which it was developed. The HEROHE dataset remains publicly available to promote advances in the field of computational pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging8080213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T02:06:42Z","timestamp":1659319602000},"page":"213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["HEROHE Challenge: Predicting HER2 Status in Breast Cancer from Hematoxylin\u2013Eosin Whole-Slide Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6591-5063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Conde-Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB\u2014Instituto de Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7397-0839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Ipatimup Diagnostics, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5997-5169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kele","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0144-3802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Della Mea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8215-5502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"La Barbera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4645-0907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehsan","family":"Montahaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 1458889694, Iran"}]},{"given":"Mahdieh","family":"Baghshah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 1458889694, Iran"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Turzynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Group Practice for Pathology, 23552 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Gildenblat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DeePathology, Hatidhar 5, Raanana 4365104, Israel"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3660-264X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldad","family":"Klaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6138-7083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiyu","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of R&D Center, Arontier Co., Ltd., Seoul 06735, Korea"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4225-2156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme","family":"Aresta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC\u2014Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FEUP\u2014Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-528X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INESC TEC\u2014Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FEUP\u2014Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4164-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"INEB\u2014Instituto de Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Eloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Ipatimup Diagnostics, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"FMUP\u2014Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8312-1681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Pol\u00f3nia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"I3S\u2014Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Ipatimup Diagnostics, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, 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