{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T06:00:25Z","timestamp":1762063225885,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["433501541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["433501541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Imaging"],"abstract":"<jats:p>If ancient documents are too fragile to be opened, X-ray imaging can be used to recover the content non-destructively. As an extension to conventional attenuation imaging, dark-field imaging provides access to microscopic structural object information, which can be especially advantageous for materials with weak attenuation contrast, such as certain metal-free inks in paper. With cotton paper and different self-made inks based on authentic recipes, we produced test samples for attenuation and dark-field imaging at a metal-jet X-ray source. The resulting images show letters written in metal-free ink that were recovered via grating-based dark-field imaging. Without the need for synchrotron-like beam quality, these results set the ground for a mobile dark-field imaging setup that could be brought to a library for document scanning, avoiding long transport routes for valuable historic documents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jimaging8090226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1661375031000},"page":"226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["X-ray Dark-Field Imaging for Improved Contrast in Historical Handwritten Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8343-8854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Akstaller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9627-4115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2280-2330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4333-6359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantin","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2223-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max","family":"Schuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3711-6958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronika","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Hofmann-Randall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek Handschriften und Graphische Sammlung, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 4, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2960-0611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thilo","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2039-4724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gisela","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2012-0080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Funk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ullmann, I., Root, K., Schuer, J., Scheuble, L., and Vossiek, M. 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