{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T22:11:44Z","timestamp":1766441504030,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Device-to-device (D2D) communication will play a meaningful role in future wireless networks and standards, since it ensures ultra-low latency for communication among near devices. D2D transmissions can take place together with the actual cellular communications, so handling the interference is very important. In this paper, we consider a D2D couple operating in the uplink band in an underlaid mode, and, using the stochastic geometry, we propose a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the D2D transmit power under \u03ba-\u03bc shadowed fading. Then, we derive some special cases for some fading channels, such as Nakagami and Rayleigh environments, and for the interference-limited scenario. Moreover, we propose a radio frequency energy harvesting, where the D2D users can harvests ambient RF energy from cellular users. Finally, the analytical results are validated via simulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan12010016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T01:48:56Z","timestamp":1676252936000},"page":"16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Power Distribution of D2D Communications in Case of Energy Harvesting Capability over \u03ba-\u03bc Shadowed Fading Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0581-3460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adil","family":"Boumaalif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Systems Engineering Lab (ASELab), Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3089-9793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ouadoudi","family":"Zytoune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Systems Engineering Lab (ASELab), Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0069-6557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"El Fadil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Systems Engineering Lab (ASELab), Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0197-8313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachid","family":"Saadane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SIRC-LAGES, Electrical Engineering Department, Hassania School of Public Labors, Casablanca 20250, Morocco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23022","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2970118","article-title":"Internet of Things (IoT) for Next-Generation Smart Systems: A Review of Current Challenges, Future Trends and Prospects for Emerging 5G-IoT Scenarios","volume":"8","author":"Shafique","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2021.3078081","article-title":"The roadmap to 6G security and privacy","volume":"2","author":"Porambage","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Open J. 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