{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T21:00:10Z","timestamp":1770066010679,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University, Thailand"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Large sports stadiums require robust real-time monitoring due to high crowd density, complex spatial configurations, and limited network infrastructure. This research evaluates a hybrid edge\u2013cloud architecture implemented in a national stadium in Thailand. The proposed framework integrates diverse surveillance subsystems, including automatic number plate recognition, face recognition, and panoramic cameras, with edge-based processing to enable real-time situational awareness during high-attendance events. A simulation based on the stadium\u2019s physical layout and operational characteristics is used to analyze coverage patterns, processing locations, and network performance under realistic event scenarios. The results show that geometry-informed sensor deployment ensures continuous visual coverage and minimizes blind zones without increasing camera density. Furthermore, relocating selected video processing tasks from the cloud to the edge reduces uplink bandwidth requirements by approximately 50\u201375%, depending on the processing configuration, and stabilizes data transmission during peak network loads. These findings suggest that processing location should be considered a primary architectural design factor in smart stadium systems. The combination of edge-based processing with centralized cloud coordination offers a practical model for scalable, safety-oriented monitoring solutions in high-density public venues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan15010015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T09:48:08Z","timestamp":1770025688000},"page":"15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Toward an Integrated IoT\u2013Edge Computing Framework for Smart Stadium Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nattawat","family":"Pattarawetwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5347-7270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charuay","family":"Savithi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9579-4111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arisaphat","family":"Suttidee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahasarakham Business School, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2010.05.010","article-title":"The Internet of Things: A Survey","volume":"54","author":"Atzori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. 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