{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:02:15Z","timestamp":1772550135704,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the development and investigation of an intelligent control system for a high-frequency ozone generator integrated into an IoT-based and telecommunication environment. A cyber-physical nonlinear mathematical model combining the electrical, thermal, gas-dynamic, and chemical subsystems of the ozone generation process is proposed. The model was implemented in discrete-time form and experimentally validated using the corona\u2013discharge-based high-frequency ozonator ETRO-02. The deviation between simulation and experimental results did not exceed 5.3% for settling time, 6.7% for overshoot, 1.6% for steady-state ozone concentration, and 0.9% for gas temperature, confirming the adequacy of the proposed model. Based on this model, a hierarchical two-level intelligent control architecture is synthesized, consisting of a fast local control loop with a cycle time of 1\u20135 ms and a supervisory monitoring layer. The proposed adaptive state-feedback control law with online gain adjustment ensures stable real-time operation under nonlinear dynamics, \u00b120% parameter variations, network delays of 1\u201310 ms, and packet loss probabilities of up to 5%. As a result, the settling time is reduced from 420 ms to 160 ms, the overshoot from 12.5% to 3.1%, and the steady-state error from 6.5% to 1.6%, while the specific energy consumption decreases from 11.8 to 6.2 Wh\/m3. The obtained results demonstrate that the integration of a cyber-physical model with a millisecond-level intelligent control system significantly improves the dynamic performance, robustness, and energy efficiency of high-frequency ozone generators compared to classical control and monitoring-oriented IoT systems. Unlike cloud-centric IoT monitoring architectures that operate at second-level update cycles, the proposed system closes the control loop locally at the millisecond scale, enabling stabilization of fast nonlinear electro-plasma dynamics. The results demonstrate that edge-intelligent adaptive control significantly enhances both dynamic performance and energy efficiency, confirming the feasibility of millisecond-level cyber-physical regulation for industrial ozone generation systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan15020026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T09:45:12Z","timestamp":1772531112000},"page":"26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research and Development of Intelligent Control Systems for High-Frequency Ozone Generators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1143-4675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Askar","family":"Abdykadyrov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Institute of Mechanics and Machine Science Named by Academician U.A. Dzholdasbekov, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Ermanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Institute of Mechanics and Machine Science Named by Academician U.A. Dzholdasbekov, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}]},{"given":"Maxat","family":"Mamadiyarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"}]},{"given":"Seidulla","family":"Abdullayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Transport Engineering and Logistics Named After M. Tynyshpayev, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7264-2390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurzhigit","family":"Smailov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Institute of Mechanics and Machine Science Named by Academician U.A. Dzholdasbekov, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6128-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurlan","family":"Kystaubayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Space Technologies, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rutkovska, I., and Khrutba, Y. (2025). 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