{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T15:54:51Z","timestamp":1778946891813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]],"date-time":"2015-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sam Houston State University","award":["ERG456914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERG456914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A node replication attack against a wireless sensor network involves surreptitious efforts by an adversary to insert duplicate sensor nodes into the network while avoiding detection. Due to the lack of tamper-resistant hardware and the low cost of sensor nodes, launching replication attacks takes little effort to carry out. Naturally, detecting these replica nodes is a very important task and has been studied extensively. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed, randomized sensor duplicate detection algorithm called                                        Discard                                                 to detect node replicas in group-deployed wireless sensor networks. Our protocol is an epidemic, self-organizing duplicate detection scheme, which exhibits emergent properties. Epidemic schemes have found diverse applications in distributed computing: load balancing, topology management, audio and video streaming, computing aggregate functions, failure detection, network and resource monitoring, to name a few. To the best of our knowledge, our algorithm is the first attempt at exploring the potential of this paradigm to detect replicas in a wireless sensor network. Through analysis and simulation, we show that our scheme achieves robust replica detection with substantially lower communication, computational and storage requirements than prior schemes in the literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan4040378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]],"date-time":"2015-12-14T10:21:33Z","timestamp":1450088493000},"page":"378-409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Efficacy of Epidemic Algorithms on Detecting Node Replicas in Wireless Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Narasimha","family":"Shashidhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chadi","family":"Kari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of The Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Chan, H., Perrig, A., and Song, D. 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