{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:18:15Z","timestamp":1762867095317,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rapid technological advances in the domain of Wireless Power Transfer pave the way for novel methods for power management in systems of wireless devices, and recent research works have already started considering algorithmic solutions for tackling emerging problems. In this paper, we investigate the problem of efficient and balanced Wireless Power Transfer in Wireless Sensor Networks. We employ wireless chargers that replenish the energy of network nodes. We propose two protocols that configure the activity of the chargers. One protocol performs wireless charging focused on the charging efficiency, while the other aims at proper balance of the chargers\u2019 residual energy. We conduct detailed experiments using real devices and we validate the experimental results via larger scale simulations. We observe that, in both the experimental evaluation and the evaluation through detailed simulations, both protocols achieve their main goals. The Charging Oriented protocol achieves good charging efficiency throughout the experiment, while the Energy Balancing protocol achieves a uniform distribution of energy within the chargers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan6020004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,3]],"date-time":"2017-04-03T13:32:30Z","timestamp":1491226350000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Wireless Power Transfer Protocols in Sensor Networks: Experiments and Simulations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Sotiris","family":"Nikoletseas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"},{"name":"Computer Technology Institute and Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2906-584X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theofanis","family":"Raptis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Informatics and Telematics, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Souroulagkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute and Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Tsolovos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece"},{"name":"Computer Technology Institute and Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, 26504 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"262","article-title":"Inductive Charging with Multiple Charger Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks","volume":"Volume 3842","author":"Yao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Advanced Web and Network Technologies, and Applications"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1145\/1274858.1274870","article-title":"Power Management in Energy Harvesting Sensor Networks","volume":"6","author":"Kansal","year":"2007","journal-title":"ACM Trans. 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