{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:56:29Z","timestamp":1760241389226,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JSAN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The paper introduces a new direction in quality-of-service-aware networked sensing that designs communication protocols and scheduling policies for data delivery that are optimized specifically for decision needs. The work complements present decision monitoring and support tools and falls in the larger framework of decision-driven resource management. A hallmark of the new protocols is that they are aware of the inference structure used to arrive at decisions (from logical predicates), as well as the data (and data quality) that need to be furnished to successfully evaluate the unknowns on which these decisions are based. Such protocols can therefore anticipate and deliver precisely the right data, at the right level of quality, from the right sources, at the right time, to enable valid and timely decisions at minimum cost to the underlying network. This paper presents the decision model used and the protocol design philosophy, reviews the key recent results and describes a novel system, called Athena, that is the first to embody the aforementioned data delivery paradigm. Evaluation results are presented that compare the performance of decision-centric anticipatory information delivery to several baselines, demonstrating its various advantages in terms of decision timeliness, validity and network resources used. The paper concludes with a discussion of remaining future challenges in this emerging area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan7010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T12:30:36Z","timestamp":1516019436000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Athena: Towards Decision-Centric Anticipatory Sensor Information Delivery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jongdeog","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelvin","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarek","family":"Abdelzaher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6927-7273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Md","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amotz","family":"Bar-Noy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Dron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Govindan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reginald","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaohan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung-Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lui","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuochao","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiran","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2014.2306328","article-title":"Internet of Things for Smart Cities","volume":"1","author":"Zanella","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1145\/2858789","article-title":"Smart cities: Concepts, architectures, research opportunities","volume":"59","author":"Khatoun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Commun. 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