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It naturally appears in many vehicular network applications where information must be made available to vehicles within a confined geographical area for during some time period. One elementary strategy is to flood the area with data. Even in this case, some vehicles may never receive the content due to potential partitions created by low traffic density. In order to address this issue, in this work we propose a strategy based on epidemic routing in the hovering area, and probabilistic flooding outside it. Vehicles outside the hovering area serve as bridges towards partitions, leading to high reachability. We highlight the adaptive feature of the protocol, where the rebroadcast probability in partitions is adaptively regulated based on estimates of the density of vehicles in the hovering area. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in VISSIM, using as the reference model in all simulation experiments a section of the road network in cities of Washington. The proposed protocol is shown to achieve the set design goals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jsan9020029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T05:02:24Z","timestamp":1591938144000},"page":"29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adaptive Probabilistic Flooding for Information Hovering in VANETs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6616-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Xeros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0081-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taqwa","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8418-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marios","family":"Lestas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1618-9138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Andreou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Engineering of the Open University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2220, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7209-2149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiano M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o del-Rei (DTECH\/UFSJ), Ouro Branco 36420-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (DECOM\/UFOP), Ouro Preto 35400-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5072-2851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Pitsillides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"A Survey on Infrastructure-Based Vehicular Networks","volume":"2017","author":"Silva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mob. 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