{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:45:43Z","timestamp":1777891543033,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JTAER"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the dynamic landscape of electronic commerce, the robustness of platforms is a critical determinant of operational continuity and trustworthiness, necessitating innovative approaches to fault tolerance. This study pioneers an advanced strategy for enhancing fault tolerance in e-commerce systems, utilizing non-positional numbering systems (NPNS) inspired by the mathematical robustness of the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). Traditional systems rely heavily on positional numbering, which, despite its ubiquity, harbors limitations in flexibility and resilience against computational errors and system faults. In contrast, NPNS, characterized by their independence, equitability, and residue independence, introduce a transformative potential for system architecture, significantly increasing resistance to disruptions and computational inaccuracies. Our discourse extends beyond theoretical implications, delving into practical applications within contemporary e-commerce platforms. We introduce and elaborate on new terminologies, concepts, and a sophisticated classification system for fault-tolerance mechanisms within the framework of NPNS. This nuanced approach not only consolidates understanding but also identifies underexplored pathways for resilience in digital commerce infrastructure. Furthermore, this research highlights the empirical significance of adopting NPNS, offering a methodologically sound and innovative avenue to safeguard against system vulnerabilities. By integrating NPNS, platforms can achieve enhanced levels of redundancy and fault tolerance, essential for maintaining operational integrity in the face of unforeseen system failures. This integration signals a paradigm shift, emphasizing proactive fault mitigation strategies over reactive measures. Conclusively, this study serves as a seminal reference point for subsequent scholarly endeavors, advocating for a shift towards NPNS in e-commerce platforms. The practical adaptations suggested herein are poised to redefine stakeholders\u2019 approach to system reliability, instigating a new era of confidence in e-commerce engagements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer18040102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]],"date-time":"2023-11-04T15:41:41Z","timestamp":1699112501000},"page":"2033-2056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Integrating Non-Positional Numbering Systems into E-Commerce Platforms: A Novel Approach to Enhance System Fault Tolerance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Victor","family":"Krasnobayev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Security Information Systems and Technologies, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2331-6326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleksandr","family":"Kuznetsov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Security Information Systems and Technologies, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine"},{"name":"Department of Political Sciences, Communication and International Relations, University of Macerata, 62100 Macerata, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Management, Comenius University in Bratislava, 82005 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alford, R.S. (2018). 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