{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T15:24:41Z","timestamp":1773415481398,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["72102238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72102238"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["72372110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72372110"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["72172100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72172100"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["72302168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72302168"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["71832015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71832015"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021M702319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M702319"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2024ZY-SX06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZY-SX06"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72102238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72102238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72372110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72372110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72172100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72172100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72302168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72302168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71832015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71832015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M702319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M702319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZY-SX06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZY-SX06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72102238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72102238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72372110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72372110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72172100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72172100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72302168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72302168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71832015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71832015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021M702319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021M702319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZY-SX06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZY-SX06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JTAER"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are changing the ways of interaction between humans and machines, and smart interactions have become one of the hot topics of artificial intelligent in-home voice assistants (AVAs) by connecting humans, machines, content, and AVAs. Based on the privacy calculus theory (PCT), the authors conducted an online questionnaire-based survey to investigate the influential mechanisms of smart interactions on stickiness intention (SI), demonstrated the positive (negative) effects of smart interactions on benefits and risks, and verified the moderating role of susceptibility to normative influence (SNI). The results show that smart interactions positively impact SI via utilitarian benefit and hedonic benefit; humanness has a U-shaped effect on privacy risk; personalization, connectivity, and linkage positively impact privacy risk; multimodal control negatively impacts privacy risk; and SNI positively moderates the effects of smart interactions on stickiness intention. The study enriched and expanded the literature on smart interactions in the context of AIoT and offered practical implications for AVA service providers and developers to design or optimize smart interactions for AI interactive services. By examining the double-edged sword effects of personalization and humanness, our findings offer novel insights into the privacy calculus in smart interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer19040124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T09:16:10Z","timestamp":1727428570000},"page":"2582-2604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Unraveling the Influential Mechanisms of Smart Interactions on Stickiness Intention: A Privacy Calculus Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Jinyi","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Branch, HSBC Insurance Brokerage Co., Ltd., Beijing 100020, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1934-0609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinjian","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of History and Tourism Management, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 610065, China"}]},{"given":"Jiaolong","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marketing, Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2022.101146","article-title":"The role of the humanisation of smart home speakers in the personalisation\u2013privacy paradox","volume":"53","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electron. Commer. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Editorial\u2013what is an interactive marketing perspective and what are emerging research areas?","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"273","article-title":"Enhancing brick-and-mortar store shopping experience with an augmented reality shopping assistant application using personalized recommendations and explainable artificial intelligence","volume":"17","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-08-2021-0485","article-title":"Revealing or concealing: Privacy information disclosure in intelligent voice assistant usage- a configurational approach","volume":"122","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2020.102283","article-title":"Humanizing voice assistant: The impact of voice assistant personality on consumers\u2019 attitudes and behaviors","volume":"58","author":"Poushneh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106763","article-title":"\u2018Okay google, what about my privacy?\u2019: User\u2019s privacy perceptions and acceptance of voice based digital assistants","volume":"120","author":"Vimalkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4934","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2023.2227834","article-title":"Unraveling the effects of voice assistant interactions on digital engagement: The moderating role of adult playfulness","volume":"40","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2021.10.007","article-title":"Interactive voice assistants-does brand credibility assuage privacy risks?","volume":"139","author":"Jain","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102413","article-title":"Psychological determinants of users\u2019 adoption and word-of-mouth recommendations of smart voice assistants","volume":"67","author":"Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121711","article-title":"Alexa, what\u2019s on my shopping list? Transforming customer experience with digital voice assistants","volume":"180","author":"Aw","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287519883034","article-title":"Tourists\u2019 experiences with smart tourism technology at smart destinations and their behavior intentions","volume":"59","author":"Jeong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Travel Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2013\/37.4.07","article-title":"Addressing the personalization\u2013privacy paradox: An empirical assessment from a field experiment on smartphone users","volume":"37","author":"Sutanto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mis. Q."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2010.11.017","article-title":"The personalization privacy paradox: An exploratory study of decision making process for location-aware marketing","volume":"51","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2021.01.001","article-title":"The influence of consumer\u2013brand relationship on the personalized advertising privacy calculus in social media","volume":"55","author":"Hayes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1080\/08824096.2021.1980380","article-title":"Hey alexa, why do we use voice assistants? The driving factors of voice assistant technology use","volume":"38","author":"Buteau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Res. Rep."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.08.058","article-title":"Understanding consumers\u2019 acceptance of automated technologies in service encounters: Drivers of digital voice assistants adoption","volume":"122","author":"Fernandes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.11.045","article-title":"Alexa, do voice assistants influence consumer brand engagement?-examining the role of ai powered voice assistants in influencing consumer brand engagement","volume":"124","author":"McLean","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-022-00856-9","article-title":"Trojan horse or useful helper? A relationship perspective on artificial intelligence assistants with humanlike features","volume":"50","author":"Uysal","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Acad. Mark. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.05.009","article-title":"Hey Alexa \u2026 examine the variables influencing the use of artificial intelligent in-home voice assistants","volume":"99","author":"McLean","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106714","article-title":"Consumer acceptance of voice-activated smart home devices for product information seeking and online ordering","volume":"119","author":"Canziani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"663","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-enabled personalization in interactive marketing: A customer journey perspective","volume":"17","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106680","article-title":"Anthropomorphism brings us closer: The mediating role of psychological distance in user\u2013ai assistant interactions","volume":"118","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"831","article-title":"Consumer bias against evaluations received by artificial intelligence: The mediation effect of lack of transparency anxiety","volume":"17","author":"Lopez","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"794","article-title":"\u201cOh, happy day!\u201d examining the role of ai-powered voice assistants as a positive technology in the formation of brand loyalty","volume":"17","author":"Huh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"127","article-title":"The role of cuteness on consumer attachment to artificial intelligence agents","volume":"18","author":"Yim","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000834","article-title":"Robots at work: People prefer\u2014and forgive\u2014service robots with perceived feelings","volume":"106","author":"Yam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"416","article-title":"Birds of a feather flock together: Matched personality effects of product recommendation chatbots and users","volume":"17","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"403","article-title":"How interaction experience enhances customer engagement in smart speaker devices? The moderation of gendered voice and product smartness","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"257","article-title":"Promoting smart wearable devices in the health-ai market: The role of health consciousness and privacy protection","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"310","article-title":"Effects of personal innovativeness and perceived value of disclosure on privacy concerns in proximity marketing: Self-control as a moderator","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1177\/1094670520902266","article-title":"Engaged to a robot? The role of ai in service","volume":"24","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Serv. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2002.10673674","article-title":"Measures of perceived interactivity: An exploration of the role of direction of communication, user control, and time in shaping perceptions of interactivity","volume":"31","author":"Mcmillan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Advert."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121389","article-title":"Solver engagement in online crowdsourcing communities: The roles of perceived interactivity, relationship quality and psychological ownership","volume":"175","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2019.101912","article-title":"Effects of perceived interactivity of augmented reality on consumer responses: A mental imagery perspective","volume":"52","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2018.08.004","article-title":"Siri, siri, in my hand: Who\u2019s the fairest in the land? On the interpretations, illustrations, and implications of artificial intelligence","volume":"62","author":"Kaplan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.1.11345","article-title":"Human-in-the-loop artificial intelligence","volume":"64","author":"Zanzotto","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Artif. Intell. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2022.107343","article-title":"Anthropomorphism and social presence in human\u2013virtual service assistant interactions: The role of dialog length and attitudes","volume":"135","author":"Munnukka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102900","article-title":"Will artificial intelligence replace human customer service? The impact of communication quality and privacy risks on adoption intention","volume":"66","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.03.051","article-title":"Living up to the chatbot hype: The influence of anthropomorphic design cues and communicative agency framing on conversational agent and company perceptions","volume":"85","author":"Araujo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.10.1.104","article-title":"Information privacy concerns, procedural fairness, and impersonal trust: An empirical investigation","volume":"10","author":"Culnan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Organ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2013.08.016","article-title":"Information disclosure on mobile devices: Re-examining privacy calculus with actual user behavior","volume":"71","author":"Keith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10799-005-5879-y","article-title":"Personalization versus privacy: An empirical examination of the online consumer\u2019s dilemma","volume":"6","author":"Chellappa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2017.02.005","article-title":"Resolving the privacy paradox: Toward a cognitive appraisal and emotion approach to online privacy behaviors","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2021.101601","article-title":"Privacy paradox in mhealth applications: An integrated elaboration likelihood model incorporating privacy calculus and privacy fatigue","volume":"61","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-022-00541-3","article-title":"Effects of perceived risks and benefits in the formation of the consumption privacy paradox: A study of the use of wearables in people practicing physical activities","volume":"32","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electron. Mark."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106976","article-title":"The personalisation-privacy paradox: Consumer interaction with smart technologies and shopping mall loyalty","volume":"126","author":"Ameen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.11.022","article-title":"Willingness to provide personal information: Perspective of privacy calculus in iot services","volume":"92","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2016.10.001","article-title":"Privacy calculus and its utility for personalization services in e-commerce: An analysis of consumer decision-making","volume":"54","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6606.2006.00070.x","article-title":"The privacy paradox: Personal information disclosure intentions versus behaviors","volume":"41","author":"Norberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Consum. Aff."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120299","article-title":"The personalization\u2013privacy paradox in the attention economy","volume":"161","author":"Cloarec","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1093\/jcr\/ucy006","article-title":"Minions for the rich? Financial status changes how consumers see products with anthropomorphic features","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Consum. Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1108\/EJM-09-2019-0748","article-title":"Service encounters with virtual agents: An examination of perceived humanness as a source of customer satisfaction","volume":"55","author":"Oikarinen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106727","article-title":"Dual humanness and trust in conversational ai: A person-centered approach","volume":"119","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2019.03.008","article-title":"Consumers acceptance of artificially intelligent (ai) device use in service delivery","volume":"49","author":"Gursoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2501\/JAR-43-2-207-216","article-title":"Developing a scale to measure the interactivity of websites","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Advert. Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2009.10.003","article-title":"The role of interactivity in e-tailing: Creating value and increasing satisfaction","volume":"17","author":"Yoo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"19","article-title":"Thinking ahead in e-commerce","volume":"18","author":"Korper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exec. Excell."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2020.103324","article-title":"See now, act now: How to interact with customers to enhance social commerce engagement?","volume":"57","author":"Xue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4359(01)00056-2","article-title":"Hedonic and utilitarian motivations for online retail shopping behavior","volume":"77","author":"Childers","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Retail."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/10641734.2006.10505193","article-title":"Conceptualizing and measuring the perceived interactivity of websites","volume":"28","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Curr. Issues Res. Advert."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2004.05.001","article-title":"The impact of the online and offline features on the user acceptance of internet shopping malls","volume":"3","author":"Ahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Electron. Commer. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102878","article-title":"Social anxiety as a moderator in consumer willingness to accept ai assistants based on utilitarian and hedonic values","volume":"65","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.03.032","article-title":"Effects of social and technology overload on psychological well-being in young south korean adults: The mediatory role of social network service addiction","volume":"61","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.20982","article-title":"Acceptance of smartphone-based mobile shopping:Mobile benefits, customer characteristics, perceived risks and the impact of application context","volume":"34","author":"Hubert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Mark."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2017.06.001","article-title":"Consumer connectivity in a complex, technology-enabled, and mobile-oriented world with smart products","volume":"40","author":"Verhoef","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.03.038","article-title":"Breaking out from constant connectivity: Agentic regulation of smartphone use","volume":"98","author":"Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2016.08.039","article-title":"The flipside of ubiquitous connectivity enabled by smartphone-based social networking service: Social presence and privacy concern","volume":"65","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2016.1199051","article-title":"Interactivity, engagement, and technology dependence: Understanding users\u2019 technology utilisation behaviour","volume":"36","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_69","first-page":"591","article-title":"A mind like mine: The exceptionally ordinary underpinnings of anthropomorphism","volume":"3","author":"Epley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Consum. Res."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2009.06.004","article-title":"Perceived control and shopping behavior: The moderating role of the level of utilitarian motivational orientation","volume":"16","author":"Lunardo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.02.011","article-title":"Is it a sense of autonomy, control, or attachment? Exploring the effects of in-game customization on game enjoyment","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2017.03.023","article-title":"Interacting with news: Exploring the effects of modality and perceived responsiveness and control on news source credibility and enjoyment among second screen viewers","volume":"73","author":"Horning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2958.2010.01377.x","article-title":"Personalization versus customization: The importance of agency, privacy, and power usage","volume":"36","author":"Sundar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Commun. Res."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2014.01.015","article-title":"Why smartphone advertising attracts customers: A model of web advertising, flow, and personalization","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.003","article-title":"Intention to disclose personal information via mobile applications: A privacy calculus perspective","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2009.07.004","article-title":"Perceived interactivity leading to e-loyalty: Development of a model for cognitive\u2013affective user responses","volume":"67","author":"Cyr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. -Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2019.08.029","article-title":"Uncanny but not confusing: Multisite study of perceptual category confusion in the uncanny valley","volume":"103","author":"Mathur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s00779-018-1174-x","article-title":"Alexa, are you listening to me? An analysis of alexa voice service network traffic","volume":"23","author":"Ford","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquitous Comput."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1120.0416","article-title":"Effects of individual self-protection, industry self-regulation, and government regulation on privacy concerns: A study of location-based services","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Res."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-017-9736-4","article-title":"Understanding mobile hotel booking loyalty: An integration of privacy calculus theory and trust-risk framework","volume":"19","author":"Ozturk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Front."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2018.02.023","article-title":"The dark side of ubiquitous connectivity in smartphone-based sns: An integrated model from information perspective","volume":"84","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102478","article-title":"How attachment affects user stickiness on live streaming platforms: A socio-technical approach perspective","volume":"60","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1108\/IntR-02-2014-0053","article-title":"Roles of perceived value and individual differences in the acceptance of mobile coupon applications: Evidence from china","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1108\/07363769910297498","article-title":"Smokers and beer drinkers: An examination of values and consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence","volume":"16","author":"Kropp","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Consum. Mark."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327663JCP1102_04","article-title":"Values, susceptibility to normative influence, and attribute importance weights: A nomological analysis","volume":"11","author":"Batra","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Consum. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1086\/425089","article-title":"Playing it safe: Susceptibility to normative influence and protective self-presentation","volume":"31","author":"Wooten","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Consum. Res."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1108\/MIP-02-2015-0037","article-title":"The role of self-esteem, negative affect and normative influence in impulse buying: A study from india","volume":"34","author":"Bandyopadhyay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mark. Intell. Plan."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2010.01.004","article-title":"Increasing trust in mobile commerce through design aesthetics","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1080\/10447310902963936","article-title":"Perception of interactivity: Affects of four key variables in mobile advertising","volume":"25","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMC.2017.086878","article-title":"Involvement, content and interactivity drivers for consumer loyalty in mobile advertising: The mediating role of advertising value","volume":"15","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mob. Commun."},{"key":"ref_91","first-page":"165","article-title":"The impact of perceptions of interactivity on customer trust and transaction intentions in mobile commerce","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Electron. Commer. Res."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-12-2016-0344","article-title":"Social media environments effect on perceived interactivity","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Online Inf. Rev."},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"770","article-title":"Further validation of the consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence scale","volume":"17","author":"Bearden","year":"1990","journal-title":"Adv. Consum. Res."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretai.2004.04.005","article-title":"Shopping with friends and teens\u2019 susceptibility to peer influence","volume":"80","author":"Mangleburg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Retail."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2017.02.005","article-title":"Enhancing user experience with conversational agent for movie recommendation: Effects of self-disclosure and reciprocity","volume":"103","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2012.02.035","article-title":"The integrated mobile advertising model: The effects of technology- and emotion-based evaluations","volume":"66","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x","article-title":"Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace 1","volume":"22","author":"Davis","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Appl. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2018.06.008","article-title":"What drives stickiness in location-based ar games? An examination of flow and satisfaction","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform."},{"key":"ref_99","unstructured":"Harman, H.H. (1976). Modern Factor Analysis, University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.88.5.879","article-title":"Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies","volume":"88","author":"Podsakoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2021.102649","article-title":"\u201cYes, we do. Why not use augmented reality?\u201d customer responses to experiential presentations of ar-based applications","volume":"62","author":"Hsu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444820912197","article-title":"Putting the \u201cme\u201d in endorsement: Understanding and conceptualizing dimensions of self-endorsement using intelligent personal assistants","volume":"23","author":"Hamilton","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Media Soc."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2020.102207","article-title":"Shopping intention at ai-powered automated retail stores (aipars)","volume":"57","author":"Pillai","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1108\/IJCHM-09-2019-0798","article-title":"Guests\u2019 perceptions of robot concierge and their adoption intentions","volume":"32","author":"Jeong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Contemp. Hosp. Manag."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1080\/02642069.2020.1787993","article-title":"The dark side of ai-powered service interactions: Exploring the process of co-destruction from the customer perspective","volume":"41","author":"Castillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Serv. Ind. J."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1108\/ITP-10-2020-0740","article-title":"Understanding customer\u2019s meaningful engagement with ai-powered service robots","volume":"36","author":"Hlee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inf. Technol. People"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121018","article-title":"The ai-extended consumer: Technology, consumer, country differences in the formation of demand for ai-empowered consumer products","volume":"172","author":"Frank","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102251","article-title":"The dynamic effect of interactivity on customer engagement behavior through tie strength: Evidence from live streaming commerce platforms","volume":"56","author":"Kang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"267","article-title":"Hey alexa: Examining the effect of perceived socialness in usage intentions of ai assistant-enabled smart speaker","volume":"15","author":"Hsieh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1007\/s11846-016-0203-2","article-title":"Assessing perceived value: Moderating effects of susceptibility to brand prestige and susceptibility to normative influence","volume":"11","author":"Joe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Manag. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/0718-1876\/19\/4\/124\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:04:12Z","timestamp":1760112252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/0718-1876\/19\/4\/124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["jtaer19040124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jtaer19040124","relation":{},"ISSN":["0718-1876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0718-1876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]]}}}