{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T23:56:14Z","timestamp":1783554974558,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":273,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JTAER"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rapid growth of digital platforms has fundamentally reshaped network and viral marketing, profoundly transforming how information spreads across social networks and influences consumer behavior. This comprehensive review synthesizes theoretical, computational, and ethical perspectives into an integrated narrative, providing novel insights into the mechanisms driving information diffusion within contemporary interactive marketing. By integrating foundational concepts from social network theory, advanced graph models, and behavioral dynamics, the paper demonstrates how the interplay between network structures, influencer behaviors, and AI-driven algorithms significantly redefines traditional marketing paradigms. A distinctive theoretical contribution of this study lies in its innovative combination of Big Data analytics with AI-based predictive modeling, explicitly revealing how real-time algorithmic personalization not only enhances marketing effectiveness but also creates new ethical tensions surrounding misinformation, algorithmic bias, and consumer vulnerability. Addressing recent calls for greater theoretical originality and narrative coherence in interactive marketing research, this review explicitly highlights how these insights resolve critical theoretical puzzles and clarify contemporary ethical dilemmas. Additionally, the paper identifies emerging trends\u2014including Web3 marketing, decentralized platforms, and neuroscience-driven targeting\u2014offering clear future research directions. Through its integrative, narrative-driven framework, this study significantly advances interactive marketing theory, providing essential guidance for scholars and practitioners navigating the evolving complexities of digital influence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer20020115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T03:34:46Z","timestamp":1748316886000},"page":"115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Interactive Viral Marketing Through Big Data Analytics, Influencer Networks, AI Integration, and Ethical Dimensions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0891-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonidas","family":"Theodorakopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, 263 34 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6314-7795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Theodoropoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, 263 34 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9674-0254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Klavdianos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, 263 34 Patras, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Demonstrating contributions through storytelling","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2019.03.008","article-title":"Viral marketing on social networks: An epidemiological perspective","volume":"525","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1177\/0165551516644171","article-title":"Identification of multi-spreader users in social networks for viral marketing","volume":"43","author":"Sheikhahmadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, H.T., Dinh, T.N., and Thai, M.T. (2016, January 10\u201314). Cost-aware targeted viral marketing in billion-scale networks. Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2016-the 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications, San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2016.7524377"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"900","article-title":"Cutting-edge research in social media and interactive marketing: A review and research agenda","volume":"18","author":"Peltier","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, J., Tang, X., and Yuan, J. (2016, January 8\u201311). Profit maximization for viral marketing in online social networks. Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE 24th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP), Singapore.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNP.2016.7784445"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2020.113183","article-title":"Evolutionary multiobjective optimization to target social network influentials in viral marketing","volume":"147","author":"Robles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s41109-018-0062-7","article-title":"Modeling and maximizing influence diffusion in social networks for viral marketing","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Netw. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2017.2691544","article-title":"A billion-scale approximation algorithm for maximizing benefit in viral marketing","volume":"25","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE\/ACM Trans. Netw."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Editorial\u2013the misassumptions about contributions","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"161","article-title":"Editorial\u2013what is an interactive marketing perspective and what are emerging research areas?","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.3390\/eng5030068","article-title":"A state-of-the-art review in big data management engineering: Real-life case studies, challenges and future research directions","volume":"5","author":"Theodorakopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eng"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2018.20.2\/osporns","article-title":"Graph theory methods: Applications in brain networks","volume":"20","author":"Sporns","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1256","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1256","article-title":"Social network analysis: An overview","volume":"8","author":"Tabassum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Data Min. Knowl. Discov."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1137\/16M1087175","article-title":"Configuring random graph models with fixed degree sequences","volume":"60","author":"Fosdick","year":"2018","journal-title":"Siam Rev."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v083.i06","article-title":"Temporal exponential random graph models with btergm: Estimation and bootstrap confidence intervals","volume":"83","author":"Leifeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chitra, U., and Musco, C. (2020, January 3\u20137). Analyzing the impact of filter bubbles on social network polarization. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining, Houston, TX, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3336191.3371825"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2015.12.021","article-title":"Validating viral marketing strategies in Twitter via agent-based social simulation","volume":"50","author":"Serrano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00034","article-title":"A guide to conquer the biological network era using graph theory","volume":"8","author":"Koutrouli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2020.06.003","article-title":"A combination of self-reported data and social-related neural measures forecasts viral marketing success on social media","volume":"52","author":"Motoki","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2020.03.007","article-title":"On the superiority of modularity-based clustering for determining placement-relevant clusters","volume":"74","author":"Fogaca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Integration"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2018.2816649","article-title":"Modularity-based dynamic clustering for energy efficient UAVs-aided communications","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12457","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2875547","article-title":"Modularity-based user-centric clustering and resource allocation for ultra dense networks","volume":"67","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485592","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/1485592","article-title":"An improved Louvain algorithm for community detection","volume":"2021","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Math. Probl. Eng."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaple, M., Kulkarni, K., and Potika, K. (2017, January 6\u20139). Viral marketing for smart cities: Influencers in social network communities. Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Third International Conference on Big Data Computing Service and Applications (BigDataService), San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/BigDataService.2017.46"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2017.2787757","article-title":"Profit maximization for viral marketing in online social networks: Algorithms and analysis","volume":"30","author":"Tang","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3641502","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/3641502","article-title":"Leveraging big data analytics for understanding consumer behavior in digital marketing: A systematic review","volume":"2024","author":"Theodorakopoulos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum. Behav. Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, H.T., Thai, M.T., and Dinh, T.N. (July, January 26). Stop-and-stare: Optimal sampling algorithms for viral marketing in billion-scale networks. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Management of Data, San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2882903.2915207"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Zehmakan, A.N., Zhou, X., and Zhang, Z. (2023). Viral Marketing in Social Networks with Competing Products. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"80","article-title":"Mining social networks for viral marketing","volume":"20","author":"Domingos","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198120901497","article-title":"Diffusion\/contagion processes on social networks","volume":"47","author":"Valente","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Educ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"287","article-title":"Viral marketing and purchase intentions of mobile applications users","volume":"15","author":"Marvi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Emerg. Mark."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3920325","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/3920325","article-title":"Real-Time Twitter Trend Analysis Using Big Data Analytics and Machine Learning Techniques","volume":"2021","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Necula, S.C., and P\u0103v\u0103loaia, V.D. (2023). AI-driven recommendations: A systematic review of the state of the art in E-commerce. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13095531"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10489-018-1387-8","article-title":"Community-based influence maximization for viral marketing","volume":"49","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Intell."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2015.06.004","article-title":"Viral effects of social network and media on consumers\u2019 purchase intention","volume":"68","author":"Gunawan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218702","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.115.218702","article-title":"Kinetics of social contagion","volume":"115","author":"Ruan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1038\/s44260-025-00034-2","article-title":"Distinguishing mechanisms of social contagion from local network view","volume":"2","author":"Andres","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Complex."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-014-9509-2","article-title":"Diffusion of deception in social media: Social contagion effects and its antecedents","volume":"17","author":"Vishwanath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Front."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1177\/0003122418797576","article-title":"Beyond social contagion: Associative diffusion and the emergence of cultural variation","volume":"83","author":"Goldberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Sociol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Liang, Z., Li, C., Guo, J., and Zhao, G. (2022). An Investigation into the Adoption Behavior of mHealth Users: From the Perspective of the Push-Pull-Mooring Framework. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su142114372"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Y., Meng, X., Wang, J., Mo, X., Jiang, S., Dai, C., and Liu, M. (2023). Daily Peer Relationships and Academic Achievement among College Students: A Social Network Analysis Based on Behavioral Big Data. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su152215762"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"032056","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.2.032056","article-title":"Flocking-enhanced social contagion","volume":"2","author":"Levis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1111\/joes.12126","article-title":"The creation and diffusion of innovation in developing countries: A systematic literature review","volume":"30","author":"Zanello","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Econ. Surv."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1108\/JBIM-01-2020-0066","article-title":"The diffusion of innovation in project-based firms\u2013linking the temporary and permanent levels of organisation","volume":"36","author":"Havenvid","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ind. Mark."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sbspro.2015.06.443","article-title":"Rogers theory on diffusion of innovation-the most appropriate theoretical model in the study of factors influencing the integration of sustainability in tourism businesses","volume":"195","author":"Dibra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2022.2027776","article-title":"Dynamic causal effects evaluation in a\/b testing with a reinforcement learning framework","volume":"118","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2017.1104","article-title":"Diffusion of innovations theory, principles and practice","volume":"37","author":"Dearing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01256","article-title":"A literature review of word of mouth and electronic word of mouth: Implications for consumer behavior","volume":"8","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influence of electronic word of mouth eWOM on purchase intention","volume":"8","author":"Sulthana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA-03-2018-0059","article-title":"The impact of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the online purchase intention of consumers in the Islamic countries\u2013a case of (UAE)","volume":"10","author":"Nuseir","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Islam. Mark."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"668","article-title":"Impact of social media marketing and electronic word of mouth (E-wom) on purchase intention","volume":"20","author":"Winarno","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Apl. Manaj."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1108\/EJM-02-2012-0086","article-title":"Word-of-mouth marketing: Towards an improved understanding of multi-generational campaign reach","volume":"48","author":"Groeger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1140\/epjds\/s13688-024-00456-3","article-title":"Evaluating Twitter\u2019s algorithmic amplification of low-credibility content: An observational study","volume":"13","author":"Corsi","year":"2024","journal-title":"EPJ Data Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2020.07.001","article-title":"Past, present and future of electronic word of mouth (EWOM)","volume":"53","author":"Verma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3412","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2015.2304","article-title":"Fake it till you make it: Reputation, competition and Yelp review fraud","volume":"62","author":"Luca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","first-page":"90","article-title":"Influencer marketing as a modern phenomenon creating a new frontier of virtual opportunities","volume":"9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Commun. Today"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1108\/MIP-09-2018-0375","article-title":"Instafamous and social media influencer marketing","volume":"37","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mark. Intell. Plan."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1007\/s11747-021-00829-4","article-title":"Online influencer marketing","volume":"50","author":"Leung","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Acad. Mark. Sci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcs.12647","article-title":"Social media influencer marketing: A systematic review, integrative framework and future research agenda","volume":"45","author":"Vrontis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Consum. Stud."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"733","article-title":"Guest editorial: Cutting-edge research in social media and interactive marketing","volume":"18","author":"Peltier","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1080\/15252019.2018.1533501","article-title":"Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media","volume":"19","author":"Lou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Interact. Advert."},{"key":"ref_63","first-page":"759","article-title":"Virtual influencers and corporate reputation: From marketing game to empirical analysis","volume":"18","author":"Xin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1080\/16522354.2018.1501146","article-title":"Factors affecting YouTube influencer marketing credibility: A heuristic-systematic model","volume":"15","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Media Bus. Stud."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1177\/2278533720923486","article-title":"Influencer marketing: An exploratory study to identify antecedents of consumer behavior of millennial","volume":"9","author":"Chopra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bus. Perspect. Res."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melki, J., Tamim, H., Hadid, D., Makki, M., El Amine, J., and Hitti, E. (2021). Mitigating infodemics: The relationship between news exposure and trust and belief in COVID-19 fake news and social media spreading. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252830"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22060","DOI":"10.2196\/22060","article-title":"Association between public knowledge about COVID-19, trust in information sources and adherence to social distancing: Cross-sectional survey","volume":"6","author":"Fridman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Petty, R.E., Cacioppo, J.T., and Kasmer, J.A. (2015). The role of affect in the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Communication, Social Cognition and Affect (PLE: Emotion), Psychology Press."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198116660310","article-title":"Health risk information engagement and amplification on social media: News about an emerging pandemic on Facebook","volume":"44","author":"Strekalova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Educ. Behav."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pgaf062","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgaf062","article-title":"Engagement, user satisfaction and the amplification of divisive content on social media","volume":"4","author":"Milli","year":"2025","journal-title":"PNAS Nexus"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16598","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73510-5","article-title":"The COVID-19 social media infodemic","volume":"10","author":"Cinelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-015-3003-8","article-title":"Does corporate social responsibility affect information asymmetry?","volume":"148","author":"Cui","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hutchinson, J., Suwana, F., and McTernan, C. (2024). Social Media Platforms: Technologies, Companies, Industries. Social Media in Society, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-66360-4"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1509\/jmr.10.0353","article-title":"What Makes Online Content Viral","volume":"49","author":"Berger","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/00027642221118264","article-title":"The amplification of exaggerated and false news on social media: The roles of platform use, motivations, affect and ideology","volume":"69","author":"Chadwick","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rubin, V.L. (2022). Manipulation in marketing, Advertising, propaganda, and public relations. Misinformation and Disinformation: Detecting Fakes with the Eye and AI, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-95656-1_6"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap9559","article-title":"The spread of true and false news online","volume":"359","author":"Vosoughi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22073","article-title":"Thalamic amplification of cortical connectivity sustains attentional control","volume":"545","author":"Schmitt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444817744390","article-title":"Attention and amplification in the hybrid media system: The composition and activity of Donald Trump\u2019s Twitter following during the 2016 presidential election","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Media Soc."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691618803647","article-title":"The dark side of information proliferation","volume":"14","author":"Hills","year":"2019","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"Rodrigues, H.S. (2016). Application of SIR epidemiological model: New trends. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7077","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10185-0","article-title":"Revisiting the standard for modelling the spread of infectious diseases","volume":"12","author":"Nikolaou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiss, I.Z., Miller, J.C., and Simon, P.L. (2017). Mathematics of Epidemics on Networks, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-50806-1"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/stan.12203","article-title":"Epidemic models on social networks\u2014With inference","volume":"74","author":"Britton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stat. Neerl."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-pchem.14","article-title":"The SIR dynamic model of infectious disease transmission and its analogy with chemical kinetics","volume":"2","author":"Simon","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ Phys. Chem."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSE.2016.2523804","article-title":"Detecting multiple information sources in networks under the SIR model","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s13278-020-00719-7","article-title":"Information diffusion modeling and analysis for socially interacting networks","volume":"11","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Soc. Netw. Anal. Min."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.2113\/econgeo.110.8.1925","article-title":"A detailed assessment of global rare earth element resources: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"110","author":"Weng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Econ. Geol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2024.109265","article-title":"How to correctly fit an SIR model to data from an SEIR model?","volume":"375","author":"KhudaBukhsh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Math. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, H., Cheng, R., Xiao, X., Yan, J., Zheng, Y., and Qian, Y. (2018, January 21\u201324). Maximizing social influence for the awareness threshold model. Proceedings of the International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-91452-7_32"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khurana, A., Logins, A., and Karras, P. (2020, January 19\u201323). Selecting influential features by a learnable content-aware linear threshold model. Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management, Virtual.","DOI":"10.1145\/3340531.3411886"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s41109-019-0124-5","article-title":"Complex influence propagation based on trust-aware dynamic linear threshold models","volume":"4","author":"Tagarelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Netw. Sci."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-021-00477-6","article-title":"Signalling entrepreneurs\u2019 credibility and project quality for crowdfunding success: Cases from the Kickstarter and Indiegogo environments","volume":"58","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Small Bus. Econ."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13745","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2894073","article-title":"Influence maximization in independent cascade networks based on activation probability computation","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"637","article-title":"Toward information diffusion model for viral marketing in business","volume":"7","author":"AlSuwaidan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niemczura, B., Gliwa, B., and Zygmunt, A. (2015, January 21\u201322). Linear threshold behavioral model for the spread of influence in recommendation services. Proceedings of the 2015 Second European Network Intelligence Conference, Karlskrona, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1109\/ENIC.2015.22"},{"key":"ref_97","first-page":"1192","article-title":"Online influence maximization under linear threshold model","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref_98","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Zhao, J., and Xu, K. (2016, January 24\u201326). Emotion-based Independent Cascade model for information propagation in online social media. Proceedings of the 2016 13th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), Kunming, China."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2017.1403220","article-title":"Expanding the technology acceptance model with the inclusion of trust, social influence and health valuation to determine the predictors of German users\u2019 willingness to continue using a fitness app: A structural equation modeling approach","volume":"34","author":"Beldad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1080\/02642069.2015.1043278","article-title":"Enjoyment and social influence: Predicting mobile payment adoption","volume":"35","author":"Marquet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Serv. Ind. J."},{"key":"ref_101","unstructured":"Li, Y., Yu, R., Shahabi, C., and Liu, Y. (2017). Diffusion convolutional recurrent neural network: Data-driven traffic forecasting. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreoletti, D., Troia, S., Musumeci, F., Giordano, S., Maier, G., and Tornatore, M. (May, January 29). Network traffic prediction based on diffusion convolutional recurrent neural networks. Proceedings of the IEEE INFOCOM 2019-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS), Paris, France.","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOMW.2019.8845132"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5481","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btaa1058","article-title":"IDDkin: Network-based influence deep diffusion model for enhancing prediction of kinase inhibitors","volume":"36","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_104","unstructured":"Han, Y., Razaviyayn, M., and Xu, R. (2024). Neural network-based score estimation in diffusion models: Optimization and generalization. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3262","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.14897","article-title":"Prediction of soft tissue sarcoma response to radiotherapy using longitudinal diffusion MRI and a deep neural network with generative adversarial network-based data augmentation","volume":"48","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hwang, J., Choi, J., Choi, H., Lee, K., Lee, D., and Park, N. (2021, January 7\u201310). Climate modeling with neural diffusion equations. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM), Auckland, New Zealand.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM51629.2021.00033"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, H., Wang, J., Zhang, Z., and Wu, F. (2022, January 14\u201318). Compressing deep graph neural networks via adversarial knowledge distillation. Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, Washington, DC, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3534678.3539315"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2022.108651","article-title":"A long short-term memory neural network based Wiener process model for remaining useful life prediction","volume":"226","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8621","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3526706","article-title":"NeuralACT: Accounting Analytics using Neural Network for Real-time Decision Making from Big Data","volume":"13","author":"Theodorakopoulos","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_110","first-page":"67195","article-title":"Efficient diffusion policies for offline reinforcement learning","volume":"36","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2024.3400011","article-title":"Enhancing deep reinforcement learning: A tutorial on generative diffusion models in network optimization","volume":"26","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"key":"ref_112","unstructured":"Uehara, M., Zhao, Y., Biancalani, T., and Levine, S. (2024). Understanding reinforcement learning-based fine-tuning of diffusion models: A tutorial and review. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-017-9805-8","article-title":"Detection of spammers in twitter marketing: A hybrid approach using social media analytics and bio inspired computing","volume":"20","author":"Aswani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Front."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2021.03.003","article-title":"Is the buzz on?\u2014A buzz detection system for viral posts in social media","volume":"56","author":"Jansen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"11","article-title":"The Integration of Deep Learning and Machine Learning for Enhanced Social Media Analytics","volume":"1","author":"Navarro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nuvern Mach. Learn. Rev."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3433000","article-title":"A survey of information cascade analysis: Models, predictions and recent advances","volume":"54","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR)"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian, Z., and Baskiyar, S. (2021, January 5\u20137). Fake news detection: An application of quantum k-nearest neighbors. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), Orlando, FL, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/SSCI50451.2021.9659944"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51009","DOI":"10.1007\/s11042-023-17470-8","article-title":"A comprehensive survey on machine learning approaches for fake news detection","volume":"83","author":"Alghamdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"key":"ref_119","first-page":"719","article-title":"Typology, etiology and fact-checking: A pathological study of top fake news in China","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pract."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rajput, A., Jaiwani, M., Singh, S., Gandhi, A., and Gopalkrishnan, S. (2024, January 21\u201322). Influencer Marketing Redefined: The Era of AI-Powered Personalization. Proceedings of the 2024 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication (iSemantic), Semarang, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/iSemantic63362.2024.10762409"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, R. (2024). Influencer Marketing Evolution: Unveiling the Power of Data Analytics and AI for Strategic Campaign Excellence. Advances in Data Analytics for Influencer Marketing: An Interdisciplinary Approach, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-65727-6_8"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2021.108357","article-title":"Natural language processing for web browsing analytics: Challenges, lessons learned, and opportunities","volume":"198","author":"Perdices","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Netw."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1080\/10496491.2021.2015515","article-title":"Instagram influencers: The role of opinion leadership in consumers\u2019 purchase behavior","volume":"28","author":"Fakhreddin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Promot. Manag."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15301","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01623-5","article-title":"Identification and role of opinion leaders in information diffusion for online discussion network","volume":"14","author":"Rehman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ambient. Intell. Humaniz. Comput."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"03014","DOI":"10.1051\/shsconf\/20207403014","article-title":"The role of influencers in the consumer decision-making process","volume":"Volume 74","author":"Zak","year":"2020","journal-title":"SHS Web of Conferences"},{"key":"ref_126","first-page":"e1545","article-title":"Do influencers view themselves as opinion leaders? An examination of influencers and social media content","volume":"157","author":"Birsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vivat Acad."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s11616-021-00666-z","article-title":"Political social media influencers as opinion leaders?","volume":"66","author":"Bause","year":"2021","journal-title":"Publizistik"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1108\/EJMBE-10-2017-020","article-title":"Marketing and social networks: A criterion for detecting opinion leaders","volume":"26","author":"Litterio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Manag. Bus. Econ."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, L., Li, J., Qi, J., Kong, D., and Li, X. (2021). The role of opinion leaders in the sustainable development of corporate-led consumer advice networks: Evidence from a Chinese travel content community. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su131911128"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1002\/cb.2050","article-title":"Fashion influencers on Instagram: Determinants and impact of opinion leadership on female millennial followers","volume":"21","author":"Jegham","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Consum. Behav."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2023.3276905","article-title":"The Characteristics of Influencers and Opinion Leaders of Science Gateways and Cyberinfrastructure for Innovation Diffusion","volume":"25","author":"Olshansky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, S., McCormick, H., Blazquez, M., and Barnes, L. (2019). eWOM: The rise of the opinion leaders. Soc. Commer. Consum. Behav. Online Environ., 189\u2013212.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-03617-1_11"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3018","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-05-2022-0310","article-title":"Macro-influencers or meso-influencers, how do companies choose?","volume":"123","author":"Lv","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/00222429231207636","article-title":"How high-arousal language shapes micro-versus macro-influencers\u2019 impact","volume":"88","author":"Pozharliev","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"75","article-title":"A comprehensive analysis of influencer types in digital marketing","volume":"8","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Adm."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hudders, L., De Jans, S., and De Veirman, M. (2021). The commercialization of social media stars: A literature review and conceptual framework on the strategic use of social media influencers. Social Media Influencers in Strategic Communication, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003181286-3"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1080\/0144929X.2019.1611923","article-title":"Culture and social media: The relationship between cultural values and hashtagging styles","volume":"39","author":"Sheldon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1108\/JSTPM-10-2018-0102","article-title":"Social media usage and commercialization performance: Role of networking capability","volume":"10","author":"Khani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sci. Technol. Policy Manag."},{"key":"ref_139","unstructured":"Sim\u00e3o, A.C.P.M.A. (2023). Micro-Influencers on INSTAGRAM: Credibility, Trust and Engagement Regarding Sustainability. [Master\u2019s Thesis, ISCTE-Instituto Universitario de Lisboa]."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harrison, L. (2024). Personal Attributes of Micro-Influencers. Unpacking Micro-Influence Within the Australian Creative Sectors: A Theoretical Framework for Understanding the Skills, Knowledge and Capabilities of Micro-Influencers, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-5914-9"},{"key":"ref_141","first-page":"9780203505984-16","article-title":"An integrative theory of intergroup conflict","volume":"56","author":"Tajfel","year":"1979","journal-title":"Organ. Identity A Reader"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.53623\/jdmc.v3i2.350","article-title":"The role of influencer marketing in building authentic brand relationships online","volume":"3","author":"Okonkwo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Digit. Mark. Commun."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2501\/JAR-2022-008","article-title":"Managing the transparency paradox of social-media influencer disclosures: How to improve authenticity and engagement when disclosing influencer\u2013sponsor relationships","volume":"62","author":"Steils","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Advert. Res."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felix, A., Bernanda, D.Y., Rembulan, G.D., Giovanno, N., and Muti, R.N. (2024, January 7\u20138). Micro influencers enhancing brand visibility and audience engagement on tiktok digital platform. Proceedings of the 2024 3rd International Conference on Creative Communication and Innovative Technology (ICCIT), Tangerang, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIT62134.2024.10701155"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s10660-022-09600-5","article-title":"Selling through social media influencers in influencer marketing: Participation-based contract versus sales-based contract","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Electron. Commer. Res."},{"key":"ref_146","first-page":"75","article-title":"Impact of artificial intelligence on fashion: Analysis of digital influencers in international fashion weeks","volume":"41","year":"2024","journal-title":"Univ. Rev. Cienc. Soc. Humanas"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7349","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.7349","article-title":"A novel machine learning-based framework for detecting fake Instagram profiles","volume":"34","author":"Kaushik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Concurr. Comput. Pract. Exp."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Silva, S., and de Brito, P.Q. (2019). The characteristics of digital influencers and their ethically questionable attitudes. Marketing and Smart Technologies: Proceedings of ICMarkTech 2019, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-1564-4_11"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.36965\/OJAKM.2020.8(2)31-52","article-title":"Digital influencers: An exploratory study of influencer marketing campaign process on instagram","volume":"8","author":"Santiago","year":"2020","journal-title":"Online J. Appl. Knowl. Manag. (OJAKM)"},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/15332861.2019.1700741","article-title":"The effect of influencer marketing on consumers\u2019 brand admiration and online purchase intentions: An emerging market perspective","volume":"19","author":"Trivedi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Internet Commer."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.22598\/mt\/2024.36.1.99","article-title":"Influence Decoded: Challenges and Opportunities Shaping the Future of Influencer Marketing Research","volume":"36","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mark.-Tr\u017ei\u0161te"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11301-024-00412-5","article-title":"Influencer marketing research: A systematic literature review to identify influencer marketing threats","volume":"75","author":"Alipour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Manag. Rev. Q."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahato, B.K., Agarwal, S., Kumar, R., Paswan, A., Mandal, A.K., and Thakur, P. (2024, January 24\u201328). Algorithmic Analysis and Implementation Strategies for Targeted Advertising on Diverse Social Media Platform. Proceedings of the 2024 15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Kamand, India.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCNT61001.2024.10725269"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.02.020","article-title":"Influencer advertising on social media: The multiple inference model on influencer-product congruence and sponsorship disclosure","volume":"130","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1108\/CCIJ-03-2022-0023","article-title":"Challenges of digital advertising from the study of the influencers\u2019 phenomenon in social networks","volume":"28","year":"2023","journal-title":"Corp. Commun. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tyagi, A.K., Lakkshmanan, A., and Ahmad, S.S. (2024). The Future of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Online Social Networking. Online Social Networks in Business Frameworks, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394231126.ch9"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Siddiqui, Z.S., and Thanh, D.N.D. (2025). Using Social Media for Health Promotion: A Set of Guidelines. Handbook of Concepts in Health, Health Behavior and Environmental Health, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-97-0821-5_60-1"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-017-0762-9","article-title":"How good your recommender system is? A survey on evaluations in recommendation","volume":"10","author":"Silveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"ref_159","unstructured":"Li, M., Jiang, W., and Li, K. (2016, January 16\u201318). Recommendation systems in real applications: Algorithm and parallel architecture. Proceedings of the Security, Privacy and Anonymity in Computation, Communication and Storage: 9th International Conference, SpaCCS 2016, Zhangjiajie, China. Proceedings 9."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1111\/coin.12545","article-title":"Recommendation system using a deep learning and graph analysis approach","volume":"38","author":"Kherad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comput. Intell."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1021819901281","article-title":"Studying recommendation algorithms by graph analysis","volume":"20","author":"Mirza","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Intell. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2382438.2382442","article-title":"Stability of recommendation algorithms","volume":"30","author":"Adomavicius","year":"2012","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. (TOIS)"},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2014.2384502","article-title":"Improving stability of recommender systems: A meta-algorithmic approach","volume":"27","author":"Adomavicius","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"ref_164","first-page":"167","article-title":"The relevance of algorithms","volume":"167","author":"Gillespie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Media Technol. Essays Commun. Mater. Soc."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-011-9112-x","article-title":"Recommender systems: From algorithms to user experience","volume":"22","author":"Konstan","year":"2012","journal-title":"User Model. User-Adapt. Interact."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ko, H., Lee, S., Park, Y., and Choi, A. (2022). A survey of recommendation systems: Recommendation models, techniques, and application fields. Electronics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11010141"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T\u00f6rnberg, P. (2018). Echo chambers and viral misinformation: Modeling fake news as complex contagion. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203958"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1512","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1512","article-title":"Filter bubbles in recommender systems: Fact or fallacy\u2014A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Areeb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Data Min. Knowl. Discov."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10584609.2021.1910887","article-title":"Filter bubbles, echo chambers and fake news: How social media conditions individuals to be less critical of political misinformation","volume":"39","author":"Rhodes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Political Commun."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pariser, E. (2011). The Filter Bubble: What the Internet is Hiding from You, Penguin UK.","DOI":"10.3139\/9783446431164"},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"150","article-title":"Fake news and ideological polarization: Filter bubbles and selective exposure on social media","volume":"34","author":"Spohr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bus. Inf. Rev."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.3727\/108354222X16510114086370","article-title":"Influencer marketing and tourism: Another threat to integrity for the industry?","volume":"28","author":"Fedeli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tour. Anal."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1108\/APJML-06-2022-0543","article-title":"Decoding influencer marketing from a community perspective: Typologies and marketing management implications","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Mark. Logist."},{"key":"ref_174","first-page":"20563051231196870","article-title":"Sponsorship disclosure in social media influencer marketing: The algorithmic and non-algorithmic barriers","volume":"9","author":"Musiyiwa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Soc. Media+Soc."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2023.122580","article-title":"Brand\u2013SMI collaboration in influencer marketing campaigns: A transaction cost economics perspective","volume":"192","author":"Syed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_176","first-page":"1","article-title":"Algorithms for online influencer marketing","volume":"13","author":"Cautis","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data (TKDD)"},{"key":"ref_177","unstructured":"Alatawi, F., Cheng, L., Tahir, A., Karami, M., Jiang, B., Black, T., and Liu, H. (2021). A survey on echo chambers on social media: Description, detection and mitigation. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_178","first-page":"3","article-title":"Fake News and Filter Bubbles: America\u2019s Spiral of Extremism","volume":"5","author":"Drover","year":"2018","journal-title":"LUJA"},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9594","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3353054","article-title":"Echo chambers in online social networks: A systematic literature review","volume":"12","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2023.101770","article-title":"Human-algorithm interactions help explain the spread of misinformation","volume":"56","author":"McLoughlin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_181","unstructured":"Sekara, V., Dotu, I., Cebrian, M., Moro, E., and Garcia-Herranz, M. (2024). Detecting and mitigating bias in algorithms used to disseminate information in social networks. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toer, G.A., Meiranto, W., and Ramadhan, A.F. (2024, January 3\u20134). The Role of Paid Promotions and Organic Engagement in Financial Decision Making for Social Media Strategies Using Machine Learning. Proceedings of the 2024 12th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM), Batam, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/CITSM64103.2024.10775799"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10676-013-9321-6","article-title":"Bias in algorithmic filtering and personalization","volume":"15","author":"Bozdag","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ethics Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_184","first-page":"40","article-title":"Fake news in social media: Bad algorithms or biased users?","volume":"7","author":"Zimmer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Inf. Sci. Theory Pract."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3616088","article-title":"Understanding the contribution of recommendation algorithms on misinformation recommendation and misinformation dissemination on social networks","volume":"17","author":"Pathak","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Web"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soleymani, H., Saeidnia, H.R., Ausloos, M., and Hassanzadeh, M. (Libr. Hi Tech News, 2023). Selective dissemination of information (SDI) in the age of artificial intelligence (AI), Libr. Hi Tech News, ahead-of-print.","DOI":"10.1108\/LHTN-08-2023-0156"},{"key":"ref_187","first-page":"8","article-title":"Feedback loops: Algorithmic authority, emergent biases and implications for information literacy","volume":"9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pa. Libr. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1177\/1839334921999479","article-title":"The rise of deepfakes: A conceptual framework and research agenda for marketing","volume":"29","author":"Whittaker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Australas. Mark. J."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1109\/TTS.2020.3001312","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in digital media: The era of deepfakes","volume":"1","author":"Karnouskos","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.11.037","article-title":"Fake news, social media and marketing: A systematic review","volume":"124","author":"Sit","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2021.29208.jth","article-title":"The social impact of deepfakes","volume":"24","author":"Hancock","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.2501\/JAR-2022-017","article-title":"How deepfakes and artificial intelligence could reshape the advertising industry: The coming reality of AI fakes and their potential impact on consumer behavior","volume":"62","author":"Campbell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Advert. Res."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1109\/MITP.2020.2977589","article-title":"Fake news, disinformation, and deepfakes: Leveraging distributed ledger technologies and blockchain to combat digital deception and counterfeit reality","volume":"22","year":"2020","journal-title":"IT Prof."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1108\/IJRDM-12-2021-0583","article-title":"Customers\u2019 online shopping intention by watching AI-based deepfake advertisements","volume":"51","author":"Sivathanu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Retail. Distrib. Manag."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Labrecque, L.I., Pe\u00f1a, P.Y., Leonard, H., and Leger, R. (J. Res. Interact. Mark., 2024). Not all sunshine and rainbows: Exploring the dark side of AI in interactive marketing, J. Res. Interact. Mark., ahead of print.","DOI":"10.1108\/JRIM-02-2024-0073"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1108\/INTR-07-2022-0563","article-title":"Examining the motivations of sharing political deepfake videos: The role of political brand hate and moral consciousness","volume":"33","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Internet Res."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2018.09.001","article-title":"Fake news, real problems for brands: The impact of content truthfulness and source credibility on consumers\u2019 behavioral intentions toward the advertised brands","volume":"45","author":"Visentin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444818799526","article-title":"Fake images: The effects of source, intermediary and digital media literacy on contextual assessment of image credibility online","volume":"21","author":"Shen","year":"2019","journal-title":"New Media Soc."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1509\/jppm.27.1.45","article-title":"Commercializing social interaction: The ethics of stealth marketing","volume":"27","author":"Martin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Public Policy Mark."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2015.06.002","article-title":"Keeping up with The Joneses: Stealth, secrets, and duplicity in marketing relationships","volume":"58","author":"Pehlivan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin, D. (2024). Misinformation and Algorithmic Bias. Artificial Misinformation: Exploring Human-Algorithm Interaction Online, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-52569-8"},{"key":"ref_202","first-page":"887","article-title":"Countering algorithmic bias and disinformation and effectively harnessing the power of AI in media","volume":"99","author":"Shin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mass Commun. Q."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1968","DOI":"10.1002\/rcs.1968","article-title":"Legal, regulatory and ethical frameworks for development of standards in artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous robotic surgery","volume":"15","author":"Nevejans","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Robot. Comput. Assist. Surg."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1007\/s43681-023-00258-9","article-title":"From ethical AI frameworks to tools: A review of approaches","volume":"3","author":"Prem","year":"2023","journal-title":"AI Ethics"},{"key":"ref_205","first-page":"365","article-title":"A comparison of fake news detecting and fact-checking AI based solutions","volume":"4","author":"Filin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stud. Medioznawcze"},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolfe, R., and Mitra, T. (2024, January 3\u20136). The impact and opportunities of Generative AI in fact-checking. Proceedings of the 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","DOI":"10.1145\/3630106.3658987"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cazzamatta, R., and Sar\u0131sakalo\u011flu, A. (2025). Mapping Global Emerging Scholarly Research and Practices of AI-supported Fact-Checking Tools in Journalism. J. Pract., 1\u201323.","DOI":"10.1080\/17512786.2025.2463470"},{"key":"ref_208","first-page":"55","article-title":"Redrawing the lines against disinformation: How AI is shaping the present and future of fact-checking","volume":"55","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tripodos. Fac. Comun. Relac. Int. Blanquerna-URL"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3555143","article-title":"Human and technological infrastructures of fact-checking","volume":"6","author":"Juneja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1080\/17577632.2020.1869486","article-title":"From journalistic ethics to fact-checking practices: Defining the standards of content governance in the fight against disinformation","volume":"12","author":"Cavaliere","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Media Law"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-024-00881-z","article-title":"Factuality challenges in the era of large language models and opportunities for fact-checking","volume":"6","author":"Augenstein","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1080\/13600834.2022.2078395","article-title":"Content-filtering AI systems\u2013limitations, challenges and regulatory approaches","volume":"32","author":"Marsoof","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inf. Commun. Technol. Law"},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshi, H.S., and Taherdoost, H. (2025, January 20\u201322). Multimodal Learning in Natural Language Processing: Fact-Checking, Ethics and Misinformation Detection. Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems for Collaborative Intelligence (ICMSCI), Erode, India.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMSCI62561.2025.10894571"},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dierickx, L., Van Dalen, A., Opdahl, A.L., and Lind\u00e9n, C.G. (2024, January 2\u20134). Striking the balance in using LLMs for fact-checking: A narrative literature review. Proceedings of the Multidisciplinary International Symposium on Disinformation in Open Online Media, M\u00fcnster, Germany.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-71210-4_1"},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1177\/27523543241280195","article-title":"Challenges of Automating Fact-Checking: A Technographic Case Study","volume":"2","author":"Kavtaradze","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerging Media"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Mar\u00edn, D., El\u00edas, C., and Soengas-P\u00e9rez, X. (2022). Big data and disinformation: Algorithm mapping for fact checking and artificial intelligence. Total Journalism: Models, Techniques and Challenges, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-88028-6_10"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1057\/pcs.2010.7","article-title":"Viral marketing and imaginary ethics, or the joke that goes too far","volume":"16","author":"Hoedemaekers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychoanal. Cult. Soc."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1002\/mar.21256","article-title":"The decision-making process in viral marketing\u2014A review and suggestions for further research","volume":"36","author":"Reichstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Mark."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-015-2751-9","article-title":"Does viral communication context increase the harmfulness of controversial taboo advertising?","volume":"141","author":"Sabri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jankowski, J., Zio\u0142o, M., Karczmarczyk, A., and W\u0105tr\u00f3bski, J. (2017). Towards sustainability in viral marketing with user engaging supporting campaigns. Sustainability, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/su10010015"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1108\/JIMA-04-2020-0102","article-title":"The role of viral marketing strategies in predicting purchasing intention of eco-labelled products","volume":"13","author":"Mirabolghasemi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Islam. Mark."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ausmj.2009.01.005","article-title":"Virally inspired: A review of the theory of viral stealth marketing","volume":"17","author":"Swanepoel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Australas. Mark. J."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5937\/markt1502115K","article-title":"Economic and Legal Conceptual Framework of Viral Marketing","volume":"46","year":"2015","journal-title":"Marketing"},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1177\/1556264616661632","article-title":"Ethical considerations in research participation virality","volume":"11","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Empir. Res. Hum. Res. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_225","first-page":"1395","article-title":"Going Viral for a Greener Future: How to Harness the Power of Active Viral Marketing in Green Product Campaigns","volume":"13","author":"Saeidi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Ind. Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krishnan, C., Majid Baba, M., Singh, G., and Mariappan, J. (2022). Viral marketing: A new horizon and emerging challenges. Principles of Social Networking: The New Horizon and Emerging Challenges, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-3398-0_8"},{"key":"ref_227","first-page":"274","article-title":"The Effects of Viral Marketing, Including Fake News, in Elections Campaigns","volume":"1","author":"Botezatu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Trends Mark. Manag."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1017\/s0021849904040371","article-title":"Viral marketing or electronic word-of-mouth advertising: Examining consumer responses and motivations to pass along email","volume":"44","author":"Phelps","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Advert. Res."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/pra2.1012","article-title":"Comparing Climate Change Content and Comments across Instagram Reels, TikTok and YouTube Shorts and Long Videos","volume":"61","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_230","first-page":"482","article-title":"The influence and configuration effect of content characteristics on customer input in the context of short video platforms","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Res. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_231","first-page":"2156","article-title":"Pragmatics Element in Product Promotion Content Through Short Video Platform Tik Tok, Instagram Reels and Youtube Shorts","volume":"12","author":"Kuntag","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ekon."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, J., Patel, M., Tabukumm, N., and Lee, W.C. (2025). Social Media Depiction of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate: Instagram Versus YouTube Shorts Analysis: Instagram Post Versus Instagram Reel Analysis. Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Reconstr., 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/cmtr18010004"},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.55177\/tc152088","article-title":"How-To in Short-Form: A Framework for Analyzing Short-Format Instructional Content on TikTok","volume":"71","author":"Vera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tech. Commun."},{"key":"ref_234","unstructured":"Altayevna, T.A., and Muratovna, A.A. (2024, January 7\u20138). The effect of social media on the adolescent psyche: The examples of YouTube, TikTok and Instagram. Proceedings of the 8th International Scientific Conference \u00abScientific Results\u00bb, Rome, Italy."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1287\/msom.2021.0332","article-title":"Frame by Fame: Content Creation on Short Video-Format Platforms","volume":"27","author":"Deshmane","year":"2025","journal-title":"Manuf. Serv. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_236","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Impact of Short Video Content and Social Media Influencers on Digital Marketing Success: A Systematic Literature Review of Smartphone Usage","volume":"2","author":"Islam","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Appl. Eng. Technol."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"David, M.E., and Roberts, J.A. (2024). TikTok brain: An investigation of short-form video use, self-control and phubbing. Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev.","DOI":"10.1177\/08944393241279422"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2020.1848986","article-title":"Effect of short video ads on sales through social media: The role of advertisement content generators","volume":"40","author":"Ge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Advert."},{"key":"ref_239","first-page":"928","article-title":"Taking fan engagement to a new level\u2013assessing sports consumer interest in virtual environments and Web3 activations","volume":"24","author":"Schlimm","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Mark. Spons."},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alamsyah, A., and Indeswari, P.R. (2024, January 28\u201329). Decentralized Social Media: Blockchain Analysis on Technology, User Activities, Challenges and Opportunities. Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), Bali, Indonesia.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMTech63123.2024.10780824"},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6162","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2020.3026013","article-title":"Cognitive analysis in social networks for viral marketing","volume":"17","author":"Castiglione","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2022.06.002","article-title":"The promise of a decentralized internet: What is Web3 and how can firms prepare?","volume":"66","author":"Murray","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1080\/02650487.2020.1788311","article-title":"Something social, something entertaining? How digital content marketing augments consumer experience and brand loyalty","volume":"40","author":"Lou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Advert."},{"key":"ref_244","first-page":"2056305119847516","article-title":"A social networks approach to viral advertising: The role of primary, contextual and low influencers","volume":"5","author":"Himelboim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc. Media+Soc."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brahmstaedt, K. (2025). Community and Consumer Dynamics in NFTs: Understanding Digital Asset Value Through Social Engagement. J. Consum. Behav.","DOI":"10.1002\/cb.2482"},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2018.11.011","article-title":"Exploring users\u2019 motivations to participate in viral communication on social media","volume":"101","author":"Tiago","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.04.016","article-title":"Active viral marketing: Incorporating continuous active seeding efforts into the diffusion model","volume":"107","author":"Sela","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_248","first-page":"182","article-title":"Web3 and marketing: The new frontier","volume":"9","author":"Chicotsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Mark. Anal."},{"key":"ref_249","first-page":"9","article-title":"Decentralized Trust Management in Web 3.0: A Comprehensive Approach to Network Security","volume":"7","author":"Veeramachaneni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Recent Innov. Wirel. Netw. Secur."},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perera, B.S.S., Dhananjani, G.G.S., Bandara, A.M.C.A., Abeykoon, A.W.Y.I.K., and Abeywardena, K.Y. (2024, January 6\u20137). DeMedia: Decentralization of Social Media. Proceedings of the 2024 IEEE 13th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT), Jabalpur, India.","DOI":"10.1109\/CSNT60213.2024.10545716"},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, C.C., Huang, A.Y., and Yang, S.J. (2023). A review of ai-driven conversational chatbots implementation methodologies and challenges (1999\u20132022). Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15054012"},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, J., and Kim, M. (2024). Viral dynamics on social media: Enhancing brand engagement through meme marketing strategies. J. Curr. Issues Res. Advert., 1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1080\/10641734.2024.2390850"},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2004.10.011","article-title":"Controlled infection! Spreading the brand message through viral marketing","volume":"48","author":"Dobele","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bus. Horiz."},{"key":"ref_254","first-page":"147","article-title":"The Dynamics of Viral Spread and its Cultural Implications in the Digital Age","volume":"24","author":"Duan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Educ. Sci. Theory Pract."},{"key":"ref_255","first-page":"5","article-title":"Influence of Conversational AI on Consumer Engagement with Brands: A Bibliometric Analysis","volume":"21","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"IUP J. Brand Manag."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5973.12319","article-title":"AI-Powered mental health chatbots: Examining users\u2019 motivations, active communicative action and engagement after mass-shooting disasters","volume":"28","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Contingencies Crisis Manag."},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.30954\/2322-0465.1.2024.5","article-title":"Investigating Generative AI innovative Strategies for Customer Engagement in Marketing Automations in the Digital Era","volume":"12","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Appl. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"ref_258","first-page":"336","article-title":"News from Messenger? A Cross-National Comparative Study of News Media\u2019s Audience Engagement Strategies via Facebook Messenger Chatbots","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Digit. J."},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/jls.20024","article-title":"Implications to ethics education of recent neuroscience research on emotions","volume":"1","author":"McCuen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Leadersh. Stud."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.32731\/smq.304.1221.02","article-title":"Using predictive analytics to measure effectiveness of social media engagement: A digital measurement perspective","volume":"30","author":"Kennedy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sport Mark. Q."},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.17485\/ijst\/2015\/v8iS10\/84873","article-title":"Improving the quality of a viral video marketing campaign with a predictive model","volume":"9","author":"Tolstyakov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1177\/1461444814523726","article-title":"Redefining virality in less broad strokes: Predicting viral behavioral intentions from motivations and uses of Facebook and Twitter","volume":"17","author":"Alhabash","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Media Soc."},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0022242919841034","article-title":"What drives virality (sharing) of online digital content? The critical role of information, emotion and brand prominence","volume":"83","author":"Tellis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mark."},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1615259114","article-title":"A neural model of valuation and information virality","volume":"114","author":"Scholz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11238-021-09830-3","article-title":"Decision-making: From neuroscience to neuroeconomics\u2014An overview","volume":"91","author":"Serra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theory Decis."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.00253","article-title":"Neural processing of narratives: From individual processing to viral propagation","volume":"14","author":"Klucharev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intmar.2015.09.005","article-title":"Promotional tactics for online viral marketing campaigns: How scarcity and personalization affect seed stage referrals","volume":"32","author":"Koch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Interact. Mark."},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karczmarczyk, A., Jankowski, J., and W\u0105tr\u00f3bski, J. (2018). Multi-criteria decision support for planning and evaluation of performance of viral marketing campaigns in social networks. PLoS ONE, 13.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209372"},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1509\/jmr.13.0350","article-title":"Valuable virality","volume":"54","author":"Akpinar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2307\/3528418","article-title":"Monitoring and manipulating brain function: New neuroscience technologies and their ethical implications","volume":"34","author":"Farah","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hastings Cent. Rep."},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1017\/S096318012100013X","article-title":"Cyberbiosecurity: An emerging field that has ethical implications for clinical neuroscience","volume":"30","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Camb. Q. Healthc. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/bioe.12357","article-title":"Can neuroscience contribute to practical ethics? A critical review and discussion of the methodological and translational challenges of the neuroscience of ethics","volume":"31","author":"Racine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bioethics"},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2005.014506","article-title":"What can neuroscience contribute to ethics?","volume":"32","author":"Buller","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Med. Ethics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/0718-1876\/20\/2\/115\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:40:34Z","timestamp":1760031634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/0718-1876\/20\/2\/115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"references-count":273,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["jtaer20020115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jtaer20020115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0718-1876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0718-1876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]}}}