{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:51:11Z","timestamp":1780541471274,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Blood, a complex biological fluid, comprises 45% cellular components suspended in protein rich plasma. These different hematologic components perform distinct functions in vivo and thus the ability to efficiently fractionate blood into its individual components has innumerable applications in both clinical diagnosis and biological research. Yet, processing blood is not trivial. In the past decade, a flurry of new microfluidic based technologies has emerged to address this compelling problem. Microfluidics is an attractive solution for this application leveraging its numerous advantages to process clinical blood samples. This paper reviews the various microfluidic approaches realized to successfully fractionate one or more blood components. Techniques to separate plasma from hematologic cellular components as well as isolating blood cells of interest including certain rare cells are discussed. Comparisons based on common separation metrics including efficiency (sensitivity), purity (selectivity), and throughput will be presented. Finally, we will provide insights into the challenges associated with blood-based separation systems towards realizing true point-of-care (POC) devices and provide future perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi2030319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T11:35:21Z","timestamp":1311161721000},"page":"319-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Microfluidic Devices for Blood Fractionation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Han Wei","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 117543"},{"name":"Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Asgar S.","family":"Bhagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 117543"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wong Cheng","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 117543"},{"name":"NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jongyoon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 117543"},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chwee Teck","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM) IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore 117543"},{"name":"Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576"},{"name":"NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576"},{"name":"Mechanobiology Institute, Singapore 117411"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05058","article-title":"The origins and the future of microfluidics","volume":"442","author":"Whitesides","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.77.977","article-title":"Microfluidics: Fluid physics at the nanoliter scale","volume":"77","author":"Squires","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev. 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