{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:32:57Z","timestamp":1760243577778,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]],"date-time":"2012-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present the fabrication and evaluation of microdebubblers that are able to remove large bubbles while keeping a very low dead volume. The devices use a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane that is permeable to air in order to filter air bubbles out of an aqueous sample. The dead volume of the devices is less than one microliter, but bubbles as large as 60 microliters can be removed. This simple solution can be very useful for microfluidic devices for chemical or biological analysis that suffer from channel clogging due to the presence of bubbles in their sample. One embodiment is particularly suited for buffer solutions with living cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi3020218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,24]],"date-time":"2012-03-24T01:27:45Z","timestamp":1332552465000},"page":"218-224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["High-Throughput Micro-Debubblers for Bubble Removal with Sub-Microliter Dead Volume"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Harald","family":"Van Lintel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsystems Laboratory LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Mernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsystems Laboratory LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Renaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microsystems Laboratory LMIS4, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 17, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proche.2009.07.096","article-title":"Label-free sorting and counting of yeast cells for viability studies","volume":"1","author":"Mernier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Procedia Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1039\/B611455E","article-title":"Lab-on-a-chip devices for global health: Past studies and future opportunities","volume":"7","author":"Chin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mernier, G., Hasenkamp, W., Piacentini, N., and Renaud, P. (2010). Multiple-frequency impedance measurements in continuous flow for automated evaluation of yeast cells lysis. Sens. Actuat. B: Chem.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2010.09.042"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1039\/b807037g","article-title":"An active bubble trap and debubbler for microfluidic systems","volume":"8","author":"Skelley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1039\/C1LC20817A","article-title":"Bubbles no more: In-plane trapping and removal of bubbles in microfluidic devices","volume":"12","author":"Lochovsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2906","DOI":"10.1039\/c005274d","article-title":"A simple PDMS-based microfluidic channel design that removes bubbles for long-term on-chip culture of mammalian cells","volume":"10","author":"Zheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s10404-010-0592-5","article-title":"Use of a porous membrane for gas bubble removal in microfluidic channels: physical mechanisms and design criteria","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microfluid. Nanofluid."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1039\/c1lc20089e","article-title":"A membrane-based, high-efficiency, microfluidic debubbler","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214103","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3263944","article-title":"A debubbler for microfluidics utilizing air-liquid interfaces","volume":"95","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00277a081","article-title":"Tubular debubbler for segmented continuous-flow automated analyzers","volume":"56","author":"Martin","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1039\/B617673A","article-title":"A simple pneumatic setup for driving microfluidics","volume":"7","author":"Braschler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lab Chip"}],"container-title":["Micromachines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/3\/2\/218\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:49:32Z","timestamp":1760219372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/3\/2\/218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["mi3020218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi3020218","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-666X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-666X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,23]]}}}