{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:23:34Z","timestamp":1760243014053,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]],"date-time":"2015-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This paper presents the design of terahertz 2\u00d7 and 4\u00d7 sub-harmonic down-mixers using Schottky Barrier Diodes fabricated in standard 0.13 \u03bcm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The 340 GHz sub-harmonic mixers (SHMs) are designed based on anti-parallel-diode-pairs (APDPs). With the 2nd and 4th harmonic, local oscillator (LO) frequencies of 170 GHz and 85 GHz are used to pump the two 340 GHz SHMs. With LO power of 7 dBm, the 2\u00d7 SHM exhibits a conversion loss of 34.5\u201337 dB in the lower band (320\u2013340 GHz) and 35.5\u201341 dB in the upper band (340\u2013360 GHz); with LO power of 9 dBm, the 4\u00d7 SHM exhibits a conversion loss of 39\u201343 dB in the lower band (320\u2013340 GHz) and 40\u201348 dB in the upper band (340\u2013360 GHz). The measured input 1-dB conversion gain compression point for the 2\u00d7 and 4\u00d7 SHMs are \u22128 dBm and \u221210 dBm at 325 GHz, respectively. The simulated LO-IF (intermediate frequency) isolation of the 2\u00d7 SHM is 21.5 dB, and the measured LO-IF isolation of the 4\u00d7 SHM is 32 dB. The chip areas of the 2\u00d7 and 4\u00d7 SHMs are 330 \u03bcm \u00d7 580 \u03bcm and 550 \u03bcm \u00d7 610 \u03bcm, respectively, including the testing pads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi6050592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]],"date-time":"2015-05-12T11:05:31Z","timestamp":1431428731000},"page":"592-599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design of 340 GHz 2\u00d7 and 4\u00d7 Sub-Harmonic Mixers Using Schottky Barrier Diodes in Silicon-Based Technology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"},{"name":"Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Terahertz Research Centre, CAEP, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yihu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Terahertz Research Centre, CAEP, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Terahertz Research Centre, CAEP, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Terahertz Research Centre, CAEP, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Zhong","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Terahertz Research Centre, CAEP, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sharma, B.L. (1984). Metal-Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junctions and Their Applications, Springer U.S.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-4655-5"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hung, S.-H., Cheng, K.-W., and Wang, Y.-H. (2012, January 4\u20137). Broadband sub-harmonic mixer with a compact band pass filter. Proceedings of 2012 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings (APMC), Kaohsiung, Taiwan.","DOI":"10.1109\/APMC.2012.6421548"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morita, Y., Kishimoto, S., Ito, M., and Motoi, K. (2013, January 13\u201316). A low-spurious E-band GaAs MMIC frequency converter for over-Gbps wireless communication. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE on Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium (CSICS), Monterey, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/CSICS.2013.6659202"},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Kanaya, K., Kawakami, K., Hisaka, T., Ishikawa, T., and Sakamoto, S. (2002, January 2\u20137). A 94 GHz high performance quadruple subharmonic mixer MMIC. Proceedings of 2002 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Seattle, WA, USA."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2011.2170830","article-title":"A 122 GHz subharmonic mixer with a modified APDP topology for IC integration","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mao, Y., Schmalz, K., Borngrabler, J., Scheytt, J.C., and Meliani, C. (2013, January 2\u20134). 245 GHz subharmonic receivers in SiGe. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC), Seattle, WA, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/RFIC.2013.6569533"}],"container-title":["Micromachines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/5\/592\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:46:10Z","timestamp":1760215570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/5\/592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["mi6050592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi6050592","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-666X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-666X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,12]]}}}