{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:48:12Z","timestamp":1760708892398,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study fabricated a multiple poly-Si nanowires sensor through a top-down method and immobilized glucose oxidase on the multiple nanowires for determining glucose concentration. The proposed sensor is 340 nm in width and uses five physically identical and parallel nanowires. The sensor contained nanowires of various lengths (3, 5, and 10 \u03bcm). Experimental results showed that sensor sensitivity is inversely proportional to nanowire length. The sensor with 3 \u03bcm in nanowire length exhibited a theoretical resolution of 0.003 mg\/dL and the highest sensitivity of 0.03 \u03bcA\/(mg\/dL). Furthermore, the proposed sensor retains this performance when reused for up to 10 applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi6081135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T02:36:16Z","timestamp":1439865376000},"page":"1135-1142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Multiple Silicon Nanowires with Enzymatic Modification for Measuring Glucose Concentration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Chih","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ching","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen-Ting","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin-I","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Yuan Ze University, 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chyan-Chyi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei 25137, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014 Edition, Available online:http:www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/pubs\/statsreport14\/national-diabetes-report-web.pdf."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"IDF Diabetes Atlas, 6th Edition. Available online:http:\/\/www.idf.org\/sites\/default\/files\/EN_6E_Atlas_Full_0.pdf."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2011.02.001","article-title":"Silicon nanowire field-effect transistor-based biosensors for biomedical diagnosis and cellular recording investigation","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nano Today"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4855","DOI":"10.3390\/s100504855","article-title":"A comprehensive review of glucose biosensors based on nanostructured metal-oxides","volume":"10","author":"Rahman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2014.02.001","article-title":"Pd-based nanoporous metals for enzyme-free electrochemical glucose sensors","volume":"25","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1002\/ppsc.201200076","article-title":"A silicon nanowire-based electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity and electrocatalytic activity","volume":"30","author":"Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"Part. Part. Syst. Charact."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1002\/elan.200603808","article-title":"Tailoring zinc oxide nanowires for high performance amperometric glucose sensor","volume":"19","author":"Zang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Electroanalysis"},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"Sze, S.M., and Lee, M.K. (2013). Semiconductor Devices Physics and Technology, John Wiley & Sons. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1021\/nl0709017","article-title":"Surface charge sensitivity of silicon nanowires: size dependence","volume":"7","author":"Elfstrom","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nano. Lett."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"06JE04","DOI":"10.7567\/JJAP.53.06JE04","article-title":"Optimization of reusable polysilicon nanowire sensor for salt concentration measurement","volume":"53","author":"Hsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27560","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.027560","article-title":"Fabrication of glucose fiber sensor based on immobilized GOD technique for rapid measurement","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10946","DOI":"10.1016\/S1452-3981(23)13161-0","article-title":"Design and fabrication of silicon nanowire based sensor","volume":"8","author":"Rahman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Electrochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2065","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2006.09.017","article-title":"Towards the silicon nanowire-based sensor for intracellular biochemical detection","volume":"22","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."}],"container-title":["Micromachines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/8\/1135\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:50:44Z","timestamp":1760215844000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/8\/1135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["mi6081135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi6081135","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-666X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-666X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]}}}