{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:17:30Z","timestamp":1760217450724,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to engrave gravure plate with fine lines structures, conventional art used lithography with dry\/wet etching. Lithography with dry\/wet etching method allows to engrave lines with smooth concave shape, but its disadvantages include difficulty in controlling aspect ratio, high and uniform in large size process, substrate material limitation due to etching solution availability, and process complexity. We developed ultra-fast laser technology to directly engrave a stainless plate, a gravure plate, to be used for fabricating 23 in. metal-mesh touch panel by gravure offset printing process. The technology employs high energy pulse to ablate materials from a substrate. Because the ultra-fast laser pulse duration is shorter than the energy dissipation time between material lattices, there is no heating issue during the ablation process. Therefore, no volcano-type protrusion on the engraved line edges occurs, leading to good printing quality. After laser engraving, we then reduce surface roughness of the gravure plate using electro-polishing process. Diamond like carbon (DLC) coating layer is then added onto the surface to increase scratch resistance. We show that this procedure can fabricate gravure plate for gravure offset printing process with minimum printing linewidth 10.7 \u03bcm. A 23 in. metal-mesh pattern was printed using such gravure plate and fully functional touch panel was demonstrated in this work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi6101433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T10:26:41Z","timestamp":1444040801000},"page":"1483-1489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ultrafast Laser Engraving Method to Fabricate Gravure Plate for Printed Metal-Mesh Touch Panel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Weiyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenlang","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuli","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Hocheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahsin","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 195, Sec. 4, Chung Hsing Road, Chutung, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gamota, D. (2004). Printed Organic and Molecular Electronics, Kluwer Academic Publishers.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-9074-7"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2003.11.011","article-title":"Printing parameters and ink components affecting ultra-fine-line gravure-offset printing for electronics applications","volume":"24","author":"Pudas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Eur. Ceram. Soc."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2008.05.044","article-title":"Color filter patterned by screen printing","volume":"516","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thin Solid Film"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1109\/TEPM.2002.807728","article-title":"The absorption ink transfer mechanism of gravure offset printing for electronic circuitry","volume":"25","author":"Pudas","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Electron. Packag. Manuf."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1021\/cm802475m","article-title":"Roll-to-roll printing of silver oxide pastes and low temperature conversion to silver patterns","volume":"21","author":"Chun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063507","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2457950","article-title":"Photodefinable organofunctionalized inorganic dielectric for organic thin film transistors","volume":"90","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1117\/12.364499","article-title":"Method for the manufacturing of high quality gravure plates for printing fine-line electrical circuits","volume":"3892","author":"Hagberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.14.002716","article-title":"Ablation of metals by ultrashort laser pulses","volume":"14","author":"Nolte","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1447555","article-title":"Ablation of solids by femtosecond lasers: Ablation mechanism and ablation thresholds for metals and dielectrics","volume":"9","author":"Gamaly","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Plasmas"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1117\/12.515612","article-title":"Precise drilling of steel with ultrashort pulsed solid state lasers","volume":"5121","author":"Breitling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201500098","article-title":"Low-Cost Facile Fabrication of Flexible Transparent Copper Electrode by Nanosecond Laser Ablation","volume":"27","author":"Paeng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-0136(03)00785-4","article-title":"The effects of electropolishing (EP) process parameters on corrosion resistance of 316 L stainless steel","volume":"140","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mater. Process. Technol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diamond.2005.02.010","article-title":"Study on the diamond-like carbon multilayer films for tribological application","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Diam. Relat. Mater."}],"container-title":["Micromachines"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/10\/1433\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:49:40Z","timestamp":1760215780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-666X\/6\/10\/1433"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["mi6101433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mi6101433","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-666X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-666X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]}}}