{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:19:20Z","timestamp":1760242760893,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,5]],"date-time":"2016-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NCI","award":["R03CA184575"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03CA184575"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000930","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECCS1461841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS1461841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000930","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arrayed three-dimensional (3D) micro-sized tissues with encapsulated cells (microtissues) have been fabricated by a droplet microfluidic chip. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a polymerized collagen network. One or multiple breast cancer cells were embedded within the microtissues, which were stored in arrayed microchambers on the same chip without ECM droplet shrinkage over 48 h. The migration trajectory of the cells was recorded by optical microscopy. The migration speed was calculated in the range of 3\u20136 \u00b5m\/h. Interestingly, cells in devices filled with a continuous collagen network migrated faster than those where only droplets were arrayed in the chambers. This is likely due to differences in the length scales of the ECM network, as cells embedded in thin collagen slabs also migrate slower than those in thick collagen slabs. In addition to migration, this technical platform can be potentially used to study cancer cell-stromal cell interactions and ECM remodeling in 3D tumor-mimicking environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi7050084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T10:19:23Z","timestamp":1462529963000},"page":"84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["High Throughput Studies of Cell Migration in 3D Microtissues Fabricated by a Droplet Microfluidic Chip"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xiangchen","family":"Che","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011, USA"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Nuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011, USA"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011, USA"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011, USA"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Que","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Iowa State University; Ames, IA 50011, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2236","article-title":"The third dimension bridges the gap between cell culture and live tissue","volume":"8","author":"Pampaloni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. 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(2013, January 3\u20136). Controlled drug release in a microfluidic device with droplet merging and storage functions. Proceeding of 2013 IEEE Sensors, Baltimore, MD, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSENS.2013.6688586"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2006.11.018","article-title":"Cell surface oxygen consumption: a major contributor to cellular oxygen consumption in glycolytic cancer cell lines","volume":"1767","author":"Herst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta. Bioenerg."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1002\/pola.1986.080240405","article-title":"Oxygen diffusion in poly(dimethyl siloxane) using fluorescence quenching. I. Measurement technique and analysis","volume":"24","author":"Cox","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Polym. Sci. Part A Polym. 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