{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:58:56Z","timestamp":1774436336478,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["51403050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51403050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JB150408, XJS15021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JB150408, XJS15021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering","award":["sklms2015011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["sklms2015011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Micromachines"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A series of thermoelectric responsive shape memory hydro-epoxy (H-EP) composites filled with different contents of graphene were developed and characterized. Compared with traditional actuation materials, these novel shape memory composites exhibit attractive properties, such as light weight, large deformation, good processability and high response speed, making them good candidates for actuator materials. The effect of graphene content on the shape memory composites was studied in terms of mechanical, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), electrical properties, and thermoelectric responsive shape memory test. The results show that when graphene content was 2 wt %, the bend strength of the composite improved by about 47% with a storage modulus larger than other composites. The shape recovery ratio of the composites was about 100%, and the shape recovery speed increased with the increment of graphene content, applied voltage, and temperature. Due to the excellent actuation performance, the graphene\/hydro-epoxy composite has potential applications in the actuator in the future.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mi7080145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]],"date-time":"2016-08-22T10:40:33Z","timestamp":1471862433000},"page":"145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Thermoelectric Responsive Shape Memory Graphene\/Hydro-Epoxy Composites for Actuators"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yongkun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianqiang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Polymer materials and Engineering, College of Material Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Electronic Equipment Structure Design, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an 710071, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3671","DOI":"10.1039\/c2jm15536b","article-title":"The application of graphene based materials for actuators","volume":"22","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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