{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:58:25Z","timestamp":1776113905998,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["I 3580-N33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I 3580-N33"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MTI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional digital and remote forms of play lack the physicality associated with analog play. Research on the materiality of boardgames has highlighted the inherent material aspects to this analog form of play and how these are relevant for the design of digital play. In this work, we analyze the inherent material qualities and related experiences of boardgames, and speculate how these might shift in remote manifestations. Based on that, we depict three lenses of designing for remote tangible play: physicality, agency, and time. These lenses present leverage points for future designs and illustrate how the digital and the physical can complement each other following alternative notions of hybrid digital\u2013physical play. Based on that, we illustrate the related design space and discuss how boardgame qualities can be translated to the remote space, as well as how their characteristics might change. Thereby, we shed light on related design challenges and reflect on how designing for shared physicality can enrich dislocated play by applying these lenses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mti3040072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,8]],"date-time":"2019-11-08T11:30:19Z","timestamp":1573212619000},"page":"72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Dislocated Boardgames: Design Potentials for Remote Tangible Play"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8368-5356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Maurer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verena","family":"Fuchsberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Human-Computer Interaction, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"128","article-title":"Gaming as a situated collaborative practice","volume":"9","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. IT"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rk, S., Falk, J., Hansson, R., and Ljungstrand, P. (2001, January 9\u201313). Pirates! Using the Physical World as a Game Board. Proceedings of the IFIP INTERACT 01: Human-Computer Interaction, Tokyo, Japan."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogerson, M.J., Gibbs, M., and Smith, W. (2016, January 7\u201312). I Love All the Bits: The Materiality of Boardgames. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858433"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Dijk, J., van der Lugt, R., and Hummels, C. (2014, January 16\u201319). Beyond distributed representation: Embodied cognition design supporting socio-sensorimotor couplings. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction, Munich, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/2540930.2540934"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linderoth, J. (2013). Beyond the digital divide: An ecological approach to gameplay. Trans. Digit. Games Res. Assoc.","DOI":"10.26503\/todigra.v1i1.9"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giaccardi, E., and Karana, E. (2015, January 18\u201323). Foundations of Materials Experience: An Approach for HCI. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seoul, Korea.","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702337"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anacleto, J.C., Fels, S., Graham, N., Kapralos, B., Saif El-Nasr, M., and Stanley, K. (2011). To Virtualize or Not? The Importance of Physical and Virtual Components in Augmented Reality Board Games. Entertainment Computing\u2014ICEC 2011, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24500-8"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergstr\u00f6m, K., and Bj\u00f6rk, S. (2014). The case for computer-augmented games. Trans. Digit. Games Res. Assoc.","DOI":"10.26503\/todigra.v1i3.32"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devendorf, L., and Rosner, D.K. (2017, January 10\u201314). Beyond Hybrids: Metaphors and Margins in Design. Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Designing Interactive Systems, Edinburgh, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/3064663.3064705"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s10209-011-0242-z","article-title":"Hybrid gaming environments: Keeping the human in the loop within the Internet of things","volume":"11","author":"Magerkurth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Univ. Access Inf. Soc."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1145\/1047671.1047704","article-title":"Bridging the physical and digital in pervasive gaming","volume":"48","author":"Benford","year":"2005","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magerkurth, C., Engelke, T., and Memisoglu, M. (2005, January 3\u20135). Augmenting the virtual domain with physical and social elements: Towards a paradigm shift in computer entertainment technology. Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology, Singapore.","DOI":"10.1145\/1067343.1067363"},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Nintendo (2019, March 17). Amiibo. Available online: https:\/\/www.nintendo.com\/amiibo."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Fantasy Flight Games (2019, April 04). Descent Road to Legend App. Available online: https:\/\/www.fantasyflightgames.com\/en\/news\/2016\/3\/15\/road-to-legend\/."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Magerkurth, C., Stenzel, R., and Prante, T. (2003, January 12\u201315). STARS\u2014A ubiquitous computing platform for computer augmented tabletop games. Proceedings of the Video Track of Ubiquitous Computing, Washington, DC, USA."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leitner, J., Haller, M., Yun, K., Woo, W., Sugimoto, M., and Inami, M. (2008, January 3\u20135). IncreTable, a Mixed Reality Tabletop Game Experience. Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, Yokohama, Japan.","DOI":"10.1145\/1501750.1501753"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buruk, O.T., and \u00d6zcan, O. (2018, January 21\u201326). Extracting Design Guidelines for Wearables and Movement in Tabletop Role-Playing Games via a Research Through Design Process. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3174087"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00fcnther, S., M\u00fcller, F., Schmitz, M., Riemann, J., Dezfuli, N., Funk, M., Sch\u00f6n, D., and M\u00fchlh\u00e4user, M. (2018, January 21\u201326). CheckMate: Exploring a Tangible Augmented Reality Interface for Remote Interaction. Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3170427.3188647"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirshenbaum, N., and Robertson, S. (2018, January 28\u201331). PEPA Deck: Bringing Interactivity to Playing Cards. Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play Companion Extended Abstracts, Melbourne, Australia.","DOI":"10.1145\/3270316.3271521"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurer, B., Van Rheden, V., Murer, M., Krischkowsky, A., and Tscheligi, M. (2017, January 26\u201329). Reign in Blood: Exploring Blood As a Material for Game Interaction Design. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, Stuttgart, Germany.","DOI":"10.1145\/3152832.3156610"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Tyni, H., Kultima, A., Nummenmaa, T., Alha, K., Kankainen, V., and M\u00e4yr\u00e4, F. (2016). Hybrid Playful Experiences: Playing between Material and Digital-Hybridex Project, Final Report, University of Tampere."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kankainen, V., Arjoranta, J., and Nummenmaa, T. (2017). Games as Blends: Understanding Hybrid Games. J. Virtual Real. Broadcast., 14.","DOI":"10.1145\/3001773.3001798"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3233\/AIS-160396","article-title":"From interactive surfaces to interactive game pieces in hybrid board games","volume":"8","author":"Mora","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ambient Intell. Smart Environ."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slegers, K., Maurer, B., Bleumers, L., Krischkowsky, A., Duysburgh, P., and Blythe, M. (2016, January 7\u201312). Game-based HCI Methods: Workshop on Playfully Engaging Users in Design. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2851581.2856476"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1177\/1046878119861650","article-title":"Special Issue HCI Research Games\u2014An Editorial","volume":"50","author":"Slegers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Simul. Gaming"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Slegers, K., Ruelens, S., Vissers, J., and Duysburgh, P. (2015, January 18\u201323). Using Game Principles in UX Research: A Board Game for Eliciting Future User Needs. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seoul, Korea.","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702166"},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Hartelius, U., Fr\u00f6hlander, J., and Bj\u00f6rk, S. (June, January 29). Tisch Digital Tools Supporting Board Games. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, Raleigh, NC, USA."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kosa, M., and Spronck, P. (2018, January 7\u201310). What Tabletop Players Think About Augmented Tabletop Games: A Content Analysis. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, Malm\u00f6, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1145\/3235765.3235782"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"J\u00f8rgensen, I.K.H. (2019, November 06). Adaptations in Play: Strategies of Adaptation in Digital and Non-Digital Games. Available online: https:\/\/www.forskningsdatabasen.dk\/en\/catalog\/2392842924."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogerson, M.J., Gibbs, M.R., and Smith, W. (2018, January 21\u201326). Cooperating to Compete: The Mutuality of Cooperation and Competition in Boardgame Play. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173767"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Rogerson, M.J., Gibbs, M., and Smith, W. (2015, January 14\u201317). Digitising Boardgames: Issues and Tensions. Proceedings of the 2015 DiGRA International Conference, L\u00fcneburg, Germany."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Rogerson, M., Gibbs, M., and Smith, W. (2017, January 3\u20136). Me and My Shelfie: Hobbyists\u2019 domestication of boardgames. Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts Proceedings of DIGRA 2017, Melbourne, Australia."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Workshop, G. (2018, September 17). Warhammer: Age of Sigmar. Available online: https:\/\/www.games-workshop.com\/en-US\/Warhammer."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darzentas, D.P., Brown, M.A., Flintham, M., and Benford, S. (2015, January 18\u201323). The data driven lives of wargaming miniatures. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seoul, Korea.","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702377"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mueller, F.F., Cole, L., O\u2019Brien, S., and Walmink, W. (2006, January 14\u201316). Airhockey over a Distance: A Networked Physical Game to Support Social Interactions. Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, Hollywood, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/1178823.1178906"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mueller, F., Agamanolis, S., and Picard, R. (2003, January 5\u201310). Exertion Interfaces: Sports over a Distance for Social Bonding and Fun. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/642611.642709"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1145\/1077246.1077261","article-title":"Sports over a Distance","volume":"3","author":"Mueller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Comput. Entertain."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yarosh, S., Inkpen, K.M., and Brush, A.B. (2010, January 10\u201315). Video Playdate: Toward Free Play Across Distance. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Atlanta, GA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753514"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.17011\/ht\/urn.201605192621","article-title":"Yamove! A movement synchrony game that choreographs social interaction","volume":"12","author":"Isbister","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Technol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brave, S., Ishii, H., and Dahley, A. (1998, January 14\u201318). Tangible Interfaces for Remote Collaboration and Communication. Proceedings of the 1998 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Seattle, WA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/289444.289491"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonanni, L., Vaucelle, C., Lieberman, J., and Zuckerman, O. (2006, January 22\u201327). PlayPals: Tangible Interfaces for Remote Communication and Play. Proceedings of the CHI \u201906 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/1125451.1125572"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, R., Neustaedter, C., Antle, A.N., and Matkin, B. (March, January 25). Puzzle Space: A Distributed Tangible Puzzle for Long Distance Couples. Proceedings of the Companion of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, Portland, OR, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3022198.3026320"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alharthi, S.A., Torres, R.C., Khalaf, A.S., Toups, Z.O., Dolgov, I., and Nacke, L.E. (2018, January 21\u201326). Investigating the Impact of Annotation Interfaces on Player Performance in Distributed Multiplayer Games. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173888"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcom.2018.02.009","article-title":"Where the eyes meet: Lessons learned from shared gaze-based interactions in cooperative and competitive online games","volume":"27","author":"Maurer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Entertain. Comput."},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Couldry, N., and Hepp, A. (2018). The Mediated Construction of Reality, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Matagot (2018, September 17). Captain Sonar. Available online: https:\/\/boardgamegeek.com\/boardgame\/171131\/captain-sonar."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Feuerland Spiele (2019, November 06). Terra Mystica. Available online: https:\/\/boardgamegeek.com\/boardgame\/120677\/terra-mystica."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Newn, J., Velloso, E., Allison, F., Abdelrahman, Y., and Vetere, F. (2017, January 15\u201318). Evaluating Real-Time Gaze Representations to Infer Intentions in Competitive Turn-Based Strategy Games. Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1145\/3116595.3116624"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lankes, M., Maurer, B., and Stiglbauer, B. (2016, January 9\u201312). An Eye for an Eye: Gaze Input in Competitive Online Games and Its Effects on Social Presence. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, Osaka, Japan.","DOI":"10.1145\/3001773.3001774"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kappen, D.L., Mirza-Babaei, P., Johannsmeier, J., Buckstein, D., Robb, J., and Nacke, L.E. (2014, January 19\u201321). Engaged by boos and cheers: The effect of co-located game audiences on social player experience. Proceedings of the First ACM SIGCHI Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, Toronto, ON, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/2658537.2658687"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurer, B., Aslan, I., Wuchse, M., Neureiter, K., and Tscheligi, M. (2015, January 5\u20137). Gaze-based onlooker integration: Exploring the in-between of active player and passive spectator in co-located gaming. Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, London, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/2793107.2793126"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maurer, B., Lankes, M., Stiglbauer, B., and Tscheligi, M. (2016). EyeCo: Effects of Shared Gaze on Social Presence in an Online Cooperative Game. Entertainment Computing, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46100-7_9"},{"key":"ref_53","unstructured":"Edition, C.G. (2018, September 17). Bunny Bunny Moose Moose. Available online: https:\/\/boardgamegeek.com\/boardgame\/59149\/bunny-bunny-moose-moose."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Woods, S. (2012). Eurogames: The Design, Culture and Play of Modern European Board Games, McFarland & Company, Inc."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Neureiter, K., Murer, M., Fuchsberger, V., and Tscheligi, M. (May, January 27). Hand and Eyes: How Eye Contact is Linked to Gestures in Video Conferencing. Proceedings of the CHI \u201913 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Paris, France."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schmid, M., R\u00fcmelin, S., and Richter, H. (2013, January 10\u201313). Empowering Materiality: Inspiring the Design of Tangible Interactions. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction, Barcelona, Spain.","DOI":"10.1145\/2460625.2460639"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1068\/p7027","article-title":"Agency and Control for the Integration of a Virtual Tool into the Peripersonal Space","volume":"40","author":"Gozli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Perception"},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"1","article-title":"Close intimate playthings? Understanding player-avatar relationships as a function of attachment, agency, and intimacy","volume":"3","author":"Banks","year":"2013","journal-title":"AoIR Sel. Pap. Internet Res. 14.0"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kirman, B., and Rowland, D. (2008, January 5\u201310). Socially Respectful Enjoyment Tracking for Tabletop Games. Proceedings of the CHI \u201908 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Florence, Italy.","DOI":"10.1145\/1358628.1358863"},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Katie, S., and Zimmerman, E. (2003). Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals, MIT Press."},{"key":"ref_61","unstructured":"Yan, X., Evan, B., Iulian, R., Maribeth, G., and Blair, M. (2011, January 14\u201317). Chores Are Fun: Understanding Social Play in Board Games for Digital Tabletop Game Design. Proceedings of the DiGRA 2011, Utrecht, The Netherlands."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Fuchsberger, V., Murer, M., and Tscheligi, M. (May, January 27). Materials, Materiality, and Media. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Paris, France."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tholander, J., Normark, M., and Rossitto, C. (2012, January 5\u201310). Understanding Agency in Interaction Design Materials. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Austin, TX, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208417"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odom, W., Banks, R., Durrant, A., Kirk, D., and Pierce, J. (2012, January 11\u201315). Slow Technology: Critical Reflection and Future Directions. Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/2317956.2318088"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000019","article-title":"Slow technology\u2014Designing for reflection","volume":"5","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pers. Ubiquitous Comput."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Odom, W., Wakkary, R., Bertran, I., Harkness, M., Hertz, G., Hol, J., Lin, H., Naus, B., Tan, P., and Verburg, P. (2018, January 21\u201326). Attending to Slowness and Temporality with Olly and Slow Game: A Design Inquiry Into Supporting Longer-Term Relations with Everyday Computational Objects. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173651"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter, M., Harrop, M., and Gibbs, M. (2014). The roll of the dice in Warhammer 40,000. Trans. Digit. Games Res. Assoc.","DOI":"10.26503\/todigra.v1i3.20"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wuertz, J., Alharthi, S.A., Hamilton, W.A., Bateman, S., Gutwin, C., Tang, A., Toups, Z., and Hammer, J. (2018, January 21\u201326). A Design Framework for Awareness Cues in Distributed Multiplayer Games. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173817"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogerson, M.J., Gibbs, M.R., and Smith, W. (2017, January 15\u201318). What Can We Learn from Eye Tracking Boardgame Play?. Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts Publication of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1145\/3130859.3131314"},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"Costikyan, G. (2013). Uncertainty in Games, MIT Press."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1561\/1100000055","article-title":"Personal fabrication","volume":"10","author":"Baudisch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Found. Trends\u00ae Hum. Interact."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, G., Tao, Y., Capunaman, O.B., Yang, H., and Yao, L. (2019, January 4\u20139). A-line: 4D Printing Morphing Linear Composite Structures. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Glasgow, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/3290607.3311775"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yamaoka, J., Dogan, M.D., Bulovic, K., Saito, K., Kawahara, Y., Kakehi, Y., and Mueller, S. (2019, January 4\u20139). FoldTronics: Creating 3D Objects with Integrated Electronics Using Foldable Honeycomb Structures. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Glasgow, UK.","DOI":"10.1145\/3290605.3300858"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tanenbaum, J., Tanenbaum, K., and Cowling, M. (2017, January 15\u201318). Designing Hybrid Games for Playful Fabrication: Augmentation, Accumulation & Idleness. Proceedings of the Extended Abstracts Publication of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","DOI":"10.1145\/3130859.3131334"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eickhoff, D., Mueller, S., and Baudisch, P. (2016, January 7\u201312). Destructive Games: Creating Value by Destroying Valuable Physical Objects. Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, San Jose, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858113"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ion, A., Frohnhofen, J., Wall, L., Kovacs, R., Alistar, M., Lindsay, J., Lopes, P., Chen, H.T., and Baudisch, P. (2016, January 16\u201319). Metamaterial Mechanisms. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.","DOI":"10.1145\/2984511.2984540"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ion, A., Wall, L., Kovacs, R., and Baudisch, P. (2017, January 6\u201311). Digital Mechanical Metamaterials. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Denver, CO, USA.","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025624"},{"key":"ref_78","unstructured":"Bergen, B.K. (2012). Louder Than Words: The New Science of How the Mind Makes Meaning, Basic Books."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuijer, L., and Giaccardi, E. (2018, January 21\u201326). Co-performance: Conceptualizing the role of artificial agency in the design of everyday life. Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Montreal, QC, Canada.","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173699"}],"container-title":["Multimodal Technologies and Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-4088\/3\/4\/72\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:32:47Z","timestamp":1760189567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2414-4088\/3\/4\/72"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["mti3040072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mti3040072","relation":{},"ISSN":["2414-4088"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2414-4088","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]}}}