{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T11:21:41Z","timestamp":1773141701353,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MTI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In a case study, we transformed the existing learning program Language Shower, which is used in some Norwegian day-care centers in the Grorud district of Oslo municipality, into a digital solution using an app for smartphones or tablets with the option for further enhancement of the presentation by a NAO robot. The solution was tested in several iterations and multiple day-care centers over several weeks. Measurements of the children\u2019s progress across learning sessions indicated a positive impact of the program using a robot as compared to the program without a robot. In situ observations and interviews with day-care center staff confirmed the solution\u2019s many advantages, but also revealed some important areas for improvement. In particular, the speech recognition needs to be more flexible and robust, and special measures have to be in place to handle children speaking simultaneously.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mti5120074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,30]],"date-time":"2021-11-30T22:01:11Z","timestamp":1638309671000},"page":"74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Robot-Enhanced Language Learning for Children in Norwegian Day-Care Centers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9566-7013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Till","family":"Halbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norsk Regnesentral (Norwegian Computing Centre), 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6217-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trenton","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norsk Regnesentral (Norwegian Computing Centre), 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8310-2031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Leister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norsk Regnesentral (Norwegian Computing Centre), 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]},{"given":"Ivar","family":"Solheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norsk Regnesentral (Norwegian Computing Centre), 0373 Oslo, Norway"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fantoft, S. 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