{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:14:53Z","timestamp":1790662493681,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]],"date-time":"2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["03IHS109A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03IHS109A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MTI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Numerous statistics show that cyclists are often involved in road traffic accidents, often with serious outcomes. One potential hazard of cycling, especially in cities, is \u201cdooring\u201d\u2014passing parked vehicles that still have occupants inside. These occupants could open the vehicle door unexpectedly in the cyclist\u2019s path\u2014requiring a quick evasive response by the cyclist to avoid a collision. Dooring can be very poorly anticipated; as a possible solution, we propose in this work a system that notifies the cyclist of opening doors based on a networked intelligent transportation infrastructure. In a user study with a bicycle simulator (N = 24), we examined the effects of three user interface designs compared to a baseline (no notifications) on cycling behavior (speed and lateral position), perceived safety, and ease of use. Awareness messages (either visual message, visual message + auditory icon, or visual + voice message) were displayed on a smart bicycle helmet at different times before passing a parked, still-occupied vehicle. Our participants found the notifications of potential hazards very easy to understand and appealing and felt that the alerts could help them navigate traffic more safely. Those concepts that (additionally) used auditory icons or voice messages were preferred. In addition, the lateral distance increased significantly when a potentially opening door was indicated. In these situations, cyclists were able to safely pass the parked vehicle without braking. In summary, we are convinced that notification systems, such as the one presented here, are an important component for increasing road safety, especially for vulnerable road users.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mti6010003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T20:49:38Z","timestamp":1641242978000},"page":"3","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["\u201cAttention! A Door Could Open.\u201d\u2014Introducing Awareness Messages for Cyclists to Safely Evade Potential Hazards"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0001-3170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"von Sawitzky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human\u2013Computer Interaction Group, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, 85049 Ingolstadt, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Pervasive Computing, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Grauschopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, 85049 Ingolstadt, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9174-8895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Riener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human\u2013Computer Interaction Group, Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, 85049 Ingolstadt, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Pervasive Computing, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2013.798111","article-title":"City Cycling","volume":"22","author":"Koglin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. 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