{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T20:13:06Z","timestamp":1774296786864,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MTI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explores the integration of 3D printing technology by adult learners in Greek Second Chance Schools (SCS), institutions designed to address Early School Leaving and promote Lifelong Learning. Grounded in constructivist and experiential learning theories, the research examines adult learners\u2019 attitudes toward 3D printing technology through a hands-on STEM activity in the context of teaching scientific literacy. The instructional activity was centered on a physics experiment illustrating Archimedes\u2019 principle using a multimodal approach, combining 3D computer modeling for visualization and design with tangible manipulation of a printed object, thereby offering both digital and Hands-on learning experiences. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire to assess participants\u2019 perception toward the 3D printing technology. Findings indicate a positive trend in adult learners\u2019 responses, finding 3D printing accessible, interesting, and easy to use. While expressing hesitation about independently applying the technology in the future, overall responses suggest strong interest and openness to using emerging technologies within educational settings, even among marginalized adult populations. This work highlights the value of integrating emerging technologies into alternative education frameworks and offers a replicable model for inclusive STEM education and lays the groundwork for further research in adult learning environments using innovative, learner-centered approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/mti9090087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:10:36Z","timestamp":1756080636000},"page":"87","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["3D Printing as a Multimodal STEM Learning Technology: A Survey Study in Second Chance Schools"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Despina","family":"Radiopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 122 41 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7927-1468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antreas","family":"Kantaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 122 41 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2081-4960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodore","family":"Ganetsos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 122 41 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-0826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Zacharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, Egaleo, 122 41 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"European Commission (2025, May 08). 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