{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T13:59:04Z","timestamp":1764079144441,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Publications"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Appropriation is a common practice in art and literature; electronic literature in particular lends itself readily to appropriation and collaboration, due to its multimodal and born-digital nature. This paper presents practice-based research examining the effects of digital appropriation on two works of digital fiction (a hyperfiction and an interactive fiction), demonstrating how it alters the creative writer\u2019s typical process, as well as the resulting narrative itself. This practice of appropriation results in \u201cimplicit collaboration\u201d between the digital creative writer and those whose work is appropriated, an arguable form of shared authorship. Questions regarding the ethics of this practice, including copyright concerns and authorship, are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/publications4010007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T11:50:37Z","timestamp":1458647437000},"page":"7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Creative Commons and Appropriation: Implicit Collaboration in Digital Works"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8869-0215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Skains","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Creative Studies &amp; Media, Bangor University, John Phillips Hall, College Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2DG, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1353\/crt.2011.0025","article-title":"Toward an Open Source Poetics: Appropriation, Collaboration, and the Commons","volume":"53","author":"Voyce","year":"2011","journal-title":"Criticism"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/adaptation\/apr011","article-title":"Recycled Images: Rose Hobart, East of Borneo, and The Perils of Pauline","volume":"5","author":"Barefoot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adaptation"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Goldsmith, K. 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