{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T00:20:40Z","timestamp":1760228440889,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation (NSF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1643989"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1643989"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents the implementation of basic nursing tasks and human subject tests with a mobile robotic platform (PR2) for hospital patients. The primary goal of this study is to define the requirements for a robotic nursing assistant platform. The overall designed application scenario consists of a PR2 robotic platform, a human subject as the patient, and a tablet for patient\u2013robot communication. The PR2 robot understands the patient\u2019s request and performs the requested task by performing automated action steps. Two categories and three tasks are defined as: patient sitter tasks, include object fetching and temperature measurement, and patient walker tasks, including supporting the patient while they are using the walker. For this designed scenario and these tasks, human subject tests are performed with 27 volunteers in the Assistive Robotics Laboratory at the University of Texas at Arlington Research Institute (UTARI). Results and observations from human subject tests are provided. These activities are part of a larger effort to establish adaptive robotic nursing assistants (ARNA) for physical tasks in hospital environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics11030063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T21:36:06Z","timestamp":1652736966000},"page":"63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Robotic Nursing Assistant Applications and Human Subject Tests through Patient Sitter and Patient Walker Tasks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Cody Lee","family":"Lundberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Automation and Intelligent Systems Division, University of Texas at Arlington Research Institute (UTARI), Fort Worth, TX 76118, USA"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8333-342X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakki Erhan","family":"Sevil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intelligent Systems & Robotics, University of West Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Behan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA"}]},{"given":"Dan O.","family":"Popa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Landro, L. 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