{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T10:12:04Z","timestamp":1760609524167,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Robotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Paraconsistent Annotated Logic (PAL) is a type of non-classical logic based on concepts that allow, under certain conditions, for one to accept contradictions without invalidating conclusions. The Paraconsistent Artificial Neural Cell of Learning (lPANCell) algorithm was created from PAL-based equations. With its procedures for learning discrete patterns being represented by values contained in the closed interval between 0 and 1, the lPANCell algorithm presents responses similar to those of nonlinear dynamical systems. In this work, several tests were carried out to validate the operation of the lPANCell algorithm in a learning from demonstration (LfD) framework applied to a linear Cartesian robot (gantry robot), which was moving rectangular metallic workpieces. For the LfD process used in the teaching of trajectories in the x and y axes of the linear Cartesian robot, a Paraconsistent Artificial Neural Network (lPANnet) was built, which was composed of eight lPANCells. The results showed that lPANnet has dynamic properties with a robustness to disturbances, both in the learning process by demonstration, as well as in the imitation process. Based on this work, paraconsistent artificial neural networks of a greater complexity, which are composed of lPANCells, can be formed. This study will provide a strong contribution to research regarding learning from demonstration frameworks being applied in robotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/robotics12030069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:00:28Z","timestamp":1683514828000},"page":"69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Process of Learning from Demonstration with Paraconsistent Artificial Neural Cells for Application in Linear Cartesian Robots"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9715-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o In\u00e1cio","family":"Da Silva Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Paraconsistent Logic, Santa Cecilia University\u2014UNISANTA, Oswaldo Cruz Street 288, Santos 11045-907, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Lu\u00eds Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Paraconsistent Logic, Santa Cecilia University\u2014UNISANTA, Oswaldo Cruz Street 288, Santos 11045-907, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Silv\u00e9rio da","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulino Machado","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio Luiz da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo do Espirito","family":"Santo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9911-7521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vander C\u00e9lio","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Service of Industrial Learning\u2014Senai, SBN-Quadra 1-Bloco C Ed. 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Roberto Simonsen, Brasilia 71200-030, DF, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Production Engineering, Paulista University, Jos\u00e9 Maria Whitaker Avenue, 320, S\u00e3o Paulo 04057-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauricio Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Mario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Paraconsistent Logic, Santa Cecilia University\u2014UNISANTA, Oswaldo Cruz Street 288, Santos 11045-907, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Management and Technology in Productive Systems, Paula Souza State Center for Technological Education (CEETEPS), Bandeirantes Street, 169, S\u00e3o Paulo 01124-010, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dorot\u00e9a Vilanova","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Paraconsistent Logic, Santa Cecilia University\u2014UNISANTA, Oswaldo Cruz Street 288, Santos 11045-907, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Management and Technology in Productive Systems, Paula Souza State Center for Technological Education (CEETEPS), Bandeirantes Street, 169, S\u00e3o Paulo 01124-010, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Rodrigo","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduation Program in Management and Technology in Productive Systems, Paula Souza State Center for Technological Education (CEETEPS), Bandeirantes Street, 169, S\u00e3o Paulo 01124-010, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2088-9065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jair Minoro","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Production Engineering, Paulista University, Jos\u00e9 Maria Whitaker Avenue, 320, S\u00e3o Paulo 04057-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3789-4696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germano","family":"Lambert-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Paraconsistent Logic, Santa Cecilia University\u2014UNISANTA, Oswaldo Cruz Street 288, Santos 11045-907, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Gnarus Institute, Itajuba 37500-052, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.120392","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and innovation management: A review, framework, and research agenda","volume":"162","author":"Haefner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. 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