{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T15:10:27Z","timestamp":1784905827381,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,23]],"date-time":"2017-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The integration of Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) single-point-positioning (SPP) mode cannot meet the requirements of high-accuracy navigation. Range observation through ultra-wideband (UWB) is an effective means to enhance the reliability and accuracy of GPS\/INS integrated navigation, particularly in environments where GPS availability is poor. Because it is difficult for UWB signal to achieve large-scale intervention coverage, an enhanced GPS\/INS\/UWB integrated scheme with positioning error correction is proposed to improve the position accuracy in the UWB signal outage scenario. The position difference between the GPS\/INS integrated solution and the GPS\/INS\/UWB integrated solution is predicated as the error correction for GPS\/INS\/UWB integrated navigation in a UWB signal challenging environment. Position correction information in the north and east directions is input to the two-step filter to decrease the error of GPS\/INS integrated navigation in single-point-positioning. In order to validate the proposed method, a real experiment is conducted. The results indicate that the enhanced GPS\/INS\/UWB integrated scheme with positioning error correction is able to improve the position accuracy of GPS\/INS\/UWB integrated navigation when UWB signal is unavailable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10010019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T03:06:38Z","timestamp":1514257598000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["An Approach to Improve the Positioning Performance of GPS\/INS\/UWB Integrated System with Two-Step Filter"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zengke","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"},{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingxiang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s10291-005-0149-3","article-title":"A combined algorithm of improving INS error modeling and sensor measurements for accurate INS\/GPS navigation","volume":"10","author":"Nassar","year":"2006","journal-title":"GPS Solut."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s00190-013-0686-4","article-title":"Instantaneous BeiDou+GPS RTK positioning with high cut-off elevation angles","volume":"88","author":"Teunissen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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