{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T07:21:56Z","timestamp":1780384916364,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,3]],"date-time":"2018-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Excellent Youth Science and Technology Fund Project of Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology","award":["2018YQ3-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YQ3-12"]}]},{"name":"The Startup Foundation for Doctor of Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology","award":["2017QDJ041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017QDJ041"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aside from the well-known applications (positioning, navigation and timing) brought by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), reconstruction of tropospheric atmosphere distribution information using tomography technique based on the multi-GNSS observations has been developed as a research point in the fields of GNSS Meteorology. In this paper, an optimal tropospheric tomography method using observations from multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is proposed, which considers the reasonable weightings of observation equations derived from multi-GNSS as well as the various constraints. Comparing to the equal weighting strategy of multi-GNSS observations for the previously multi-GNSS tomography studies, the proposed method in this paper has the ability to tune the weightings for a different type of equations. Experiments show that the proposed method can improve the internal\/external accuracy of GNSS tomography modeling with the GNSS precise point positioning (PPP)-estimated slant wet delay as reference when compared to the conventional method. In addition, the data derived from radiosonde is used as an external testing, and the result also expresses the superiority of the proposed method when compared to the conventional method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10020234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,5]],"date-time":"2018-02-05T04:29:42Z","timestamp":1517804982000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["An Optimal Tropospheric Tomography Method Based on the Multi-GNSS Observations"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Qingzhi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geomatics, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibin","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9243-3510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyun","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Center of SHMEC for Space Information and GNSS, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GNSS Research Centre, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"262","article-title":"\u00dcber die bestimmung von funktionen durch ihre in-te-gral-werte l\u00e4ngs gewisser mannigfaltigkeiten","volume":"69","author":"Radon","year":"1917","journal-title":"Comput. 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