{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:12:59Z","timestamp":1792131179790,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]],"date-time":"2018-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung","award":["DEU 1187260 FLF-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEU 1187260 FLF-P"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010415","name":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Naturschutz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FKZ: 3511 82 0500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FKZ: 3511 82 0500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Foundation-Flanders","award":["FWO-1512817N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWO-1512817N"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000844","name":"European Space Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4000107122\/12\/I-NB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4000107122\/12\/I-NB"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Water table depth (WTD) is one of the key variables controlling many processes in peatlands. Reliable WTD estimates based on remote sensing data would advance peatland research from global-scale climate monitoring to field-scale ecosystem management. Here, we evaluate the relationship between ENVISAT Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) C-band backscatter (\u03c3\u00b0) and in situ observed WTD dynamics over 17 peatlands in Germany covering deeply-drained to natural conditions, excluding peatlands dominated by forest or inundation periods. The results show increasing \u03c3\u00b0 with shallower WTD (=wetter conditions), with average temporal Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.38 and 0.54 (-) for natural (also including disturbed and rewetted\/restored states) and agriculturally-used drained peatlands, respectively. The anomaly correlation further highlights the potential of ASAR backscatter to capture interannual variations with values of 0.33 and 0.43 (-), for natural and drained peatlands. The skill metrics, which are similar to those for evaluations of top soil moisture from C-band over mineral soils, indicate a strong capillary connection between WTD and the \u2018C-band-sensitive\u2019 top 1\u20132 cm of peat soils, even during dry periods with WTD at around \u22121 m. Various backscatter processing algorithms were tested without significant differences. The cross-over angle concept for correcting dynamical vegetation effects was tested, but not superior, to constant incidence angle correction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10040536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T12:32:20Z","timestamp":1522672340000},"page":"536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Inferring Water Table Depth Dynamics from ENVISAT-ASAR C-Band Backscatter over a Range of Peatlands from Deeply-Drained to Natural Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8042-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel","family":"Bechtold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"},{"name":"KU Leuven, Department of Computer Science, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"},{"name":"Th\u00fcnen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Schlaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, Vienna University of Technology, 1040 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e4rbel","family":"Tiemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Th\u00fcnen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle","family":"De Lannoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tubiello, F.N., Biancalani, R., Salvatore, M., Rossi, S., and Conchedda, G. 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