{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T11:11:34Z","timestamp":1763809894501,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["41674015","41274036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41674015","41274036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on the digital surface model (DSM) and jump point search (JPS) algorithm, this study proposed a novel approach to detect the optimal seamline for orthoimage mosaicking. By threshold segmentation, DSM was first identified as ground regions and obstacle regions (e.g., buildings, trees, and cars). Then, the mathematical morphology method was used to make the edge of obstacles more prominent. Subsequently, the processed DSM was considered as a uniform-cost grid map, and the JPS algorithm was improved and employed to search for key jump points in the map. Meanwhile, the jump points would be evaluated according to an optimized function, finally generating a minimum cost path as the optimal seamline. Furthermore, the search strategy was modified to avoid search failure when the search map was completely blocked by obstacles in the search direction. Comparison of the proposed method and the Dijkstra\u2019s algorithm was carried out based on two groups of image data with different characteristics. Results showed the following: (1) the proposed method could detect better seamlines near the centerlines of the overlap regions, crossing far fewer ground objects; (2) the efficiency and resource consumption were greatly improved since the improved JPS algorithm skips many image pixels without them being explicitly evaluated. In general, based on DSM, the proposed method combining threshold segmentation, mathematical morphology, and improved JPS algorithms was helpful for detecting the optimal seamline for orthoimage mosaicking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10060821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,28]],"date-time":"2018-05-28T03:54:21Z","timestamp":1527479661000},"page":"821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Optimal Seamline Detection for Orthoimage Mosaicking Based on DSM and Improved JPS Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Gang","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9766-7885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7785-2541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianju","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.99","article-title":"Morphological image compositing","volume":"28","author":"Soille","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2010.545083","article-title":"Towards the automatic selection of optimal seam line locations when merging optical remote-sensing images","volume":"33","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12334","DOI":"10.3390\/rs61212334","article-title":"Automatic seamline network generation for urban orthophoto mosaicking with the use of a digital surface model","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2015.11.007","article-title":"SGM-based seamline determination for urban orthophoto mosaicking","volume":"112","author":"Pang","year":"2016","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-2716(01)00033-8","article-title":"Seamline detection in colour orthoimage mosaicking by use of twin snakes","volume":"56","author":"Kerschner","year":"2001","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2008.2009880","article-title":"Automatic generation of seamline network using area Voronoi diagrams with overlap","volume":"47","author":"Pan","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2013.2293197","article-title":"Seamline determination based on segmentation for urban image mosaicking","volume":"11","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2015.12.007","article-title":"Optimal seamline detection for multiple image mosaicking via graph cuts","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"Davis, J. (1998, January 23\u201325). Mosaics of scenes with moving objects. Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Santa Barbara, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"675","article-title":"Automated seamline detection for orthophoto mosaicking based on ant colony algorithm","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geomat. Inf. Sci. Wuhan Univ."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2009.09.001","article-title":"Seam-line determination for image mosaicking: A technique minimizing the maximum local mismatch and the global cost","volume":"65","author":"Chon","year":"2010","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, J., and Wang, M. (2011, January 24\u201326). A seam-line optimized method based on difference image and gradient image. Proceedings of the 2011 19th International Conference on Geoinformatics, Shanghai, China.","DOI":"10.1109\/GeoInformatics.2011.5980839"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2016.07.005","article-title":"Blending zone determination for aerial orthimage mosaicking","volume":"119","author":"Lin","year":"2016","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.46.3.293","article-title":"Mosaicking of aerial photographic maps via seams defined by bottleneck shortest paths","volume":"46","author":"Fernandez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"45","article-title":"Detection of orthoimage mosaicking seamlines by means of wavelet transform","volume":"XLI-B4","author":"Pyka","year":"2016","journal-title":"ISPRS Arch."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01386390","article-title":"A note on two problems in connexion with graphs","volume":"1","author":"Dijkstra","year":"1959","journal-title":"Numer. Math."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1109\/TSSC.1968.300136","article-title":"A formal basis for the heuristic determination of minimum cost paths","volume":"4","author":"Hart","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Sci. Cybern."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boykov, Y., Veksler, O., and Zabih, R. (1999, January 20\u201327). Fast approximate energy minimization via graph cuts. Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, Kerkyra, Greece.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1999.791245"},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"Bellman, R. (1957). Dynamic Programming, Princeton University Press."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"877","article-title":"A seam line detection algorithm for orthophoto mosaicking based on disparity image","volume":"44","author":"Yuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Geod. Cartogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"84","article-title":"Seamlines intelligent detection in large-scale urban orthoimage mosaicking","volume":"40","author":"Zuo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Geod. Cartogr. Sin."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, L., Yao, J., Liu, Y., Yuan, W., Shi, S., and Yuan, S. (2017). Optimal seamline detection for orthoimage mosaicking by combining deep convolutional neural network and graph cuts. Remote Sens., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9070701"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dong, Q., and Liu, J. (2017). Seamline determination based on PKGC segmentation for remote sensing image mosaicking. Sensors, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/s17081721"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cageo.2017.08.004","article-title":"A novel orthoimage mosaic method using the weighted A* algorithm for UAV imagery","volume":"109","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comput. Geosci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1080\/2150704X.2017.1343509","article-title":"Automatic seam-line determination for orthoimage mosaics using edge\u2013tracking based on a DSM","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sens. Lett."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.C1000235","article-title":"Intelligent optimization of seam-line finding for orthophoto mosaicking with LiDAR point clouds","volume":"12","author":"Ma","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. C"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2017.01.015","article-title":"Using vector building maps to aid in generating seams for low-attitude aerial orthoimage mosaicking: Advantages in avoiding the crossing of buildings","volume":"125","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2012.11.002","article-title":"Automatic determination of seamlines for aerial image mosaicking based on vector roads alone","volume":"76","author":"Wan","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.14358\/PERS.78.11.1141","article-title":"Aerial image mosaicking with the aid of vector roads","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harabor, D.D., and Grastien, A. (2011, January 9\u201311). Online graph pruning for pathfinding on grid maps. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, San Francisco, CA, USA.","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v25i1.7994"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harabor, D., and Grastien, A. (2014, January 21\u201326). Improving jump point search. Proceedings of the Twenty\u2013Fourth International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling, Portsmouth, NH, USA.","DOI":"10.1609\/icaps.v24i1.13633"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Gonzalez, R.C., and Woods, R.E. (2010). Digital Image Processing, Publishing House of Electronics Industry."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, K., Yu, L., Long, Z., and Mo, S. (2017). Local path planning of driverless car navigation based on jump point search method under urban environment. Future Internet, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/fi9030051"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2013.2253110","article-title":"Seamline network refinement based on area Voronoi diagrams with overlap","volume":"52","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Fast and intelligent seamline detection for orthoimage mosaicking based on minimum spanning tree","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Geod. Cartogr. Sin."}],"container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/10\/6\/821\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:05:52Z","timestamp":1760195152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/10\/6\/821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["rs10060821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/rs10060821","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-4292"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-4292"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]]}}}