{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T12:02:11Z","timestamp":1772539331430,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61701396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61701396"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaan Xi Province","award":["2017JQ4006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017JQ4006"]}]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Geospatial Information and Digital Technology ,NASG","award":["SIDT20171003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIDT20171003"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China","award":["BK20150835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20150835"]}]},{"name":"Tibet Natural Science Foundation-The study of Tibet crop condition monitoring based on crop growth model and multi-source remote sensing data","award":["2016-ZR-15-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016-ZR-15-18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Land cover change detection (LCCD) based on bi-temporal remote sensing images plays an important role in the inventory of land cover change. Due to the benefit of having spatial dependency properties within the image space while using remote sensing images for detecting land cover change, many contextual information-based change detection methods have been proposed in past decades. However, there is still a space for improvement in accuracies and usability of LCCD. In this paper, a LCCD method based on adaptive contextual information is proposed. First, an adaptive region is constructed by gradually detecting the spectral similarity surrounding a central pixel. Second, the Euclidean distance between pairwise extended regions is calculated to measure the change magnitude between the pairwise central pixels of bi-temporal images. All the bi-temporal images are scanned pixel by pixel so the change magnitude image (CMI) can be generated. Then, the Otsu or a manual threshold is employed to acquire the binary change detection map (BCDM). The detection accuracies of the proposed approach are investigated by three land cover change cases with Landsat bi-temporal remote sensing images and aerial images with very high spatial resolution (0.5 m\/pixel). In comparison to several widely used change detection methods, the proposed approach can produce a land cover change inventory map with a competitive accuracy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10060901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]],"date-time":"2018-06-08T11:19:31Z","timestamp":1528456771000},"page":"901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Land Cover Change Detection Based on Adaptive Contextual Information Using Bi-Temporal Remote Sensing Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Lv","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1394-4724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Technology, Xi\u2019an 710048, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1821-538X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penglin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0621-9647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f3n","family":"Atli Benediktsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik IS 107, Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yixiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1080\/0143116031000101675","article-title":"Review articledigital change detection methods in ecosystem monitoring: A review","volume":"25","author":"Coppin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. 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