{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T21:23:35Z","timestamp":1783459415219,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41401494"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41401494"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014M552475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014M552475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010228","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14JK1745"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14JK1745"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010228","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Agricultural land use and cropping patterns are closely related to food production, soil degradation, water resource management, greenhouse gas emission, and regional climate alterations. Methods for reliable and cost-efficient mapping of cropping pattern, as well as their changes over space and time, are therefore urgently needed. To cope with this need, we developed a phenology-based method to map cropping patterns based on time-series of vegetation index data. The proposed method builds on the well-known \u2018threshold model\u2019 to retrieve phenological metrics. Values of four phenological parameters are used to identify crop seasons. Using a set of rules, the crop season information is translated into cropping pattern. To illustrate the method, cropping patterns were determined for three consecutive years (2008\u20132010) in the Henan province of China, where reliable validation data was available. Cropping patterns were derived using eight-day composite MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data. Results show that the proposed method can achieve a satisfactory overall accuracy (~84%) in extracting cropping patterns. Interestingly, the accuracy obtained with our method based on MODIS EVI data was comparable with that from Landsat-5 TM image classification. We conclude that the proposed method for cropland and cropping pattern identification based on MODIS data offers a simple, yet reliable way to derive important land use information over large areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10081203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T03:10:01Z","timestamp":1533093001000},"page":"1203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["A Phenology-Based Method to Map Cropping Patterns under a Wheat-Maize Rotation Using Remotely Sensed Time-Series Data"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8050-4780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"},{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenquan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2169-8009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clement","family":"Atzberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Surveying, Remote Sensing and Land Information, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Peter Jordan Strasse 82, Vienna 1190, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anzhou","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mining and Geomatics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-2715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaozhong","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"},{"name":"College of Urban and Environmental Science, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an 710127, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (1996). 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