{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T01:00:32Z","timestamp":1762390832416,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Grants Council of Hong Kong","award":["15205515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15205515"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011650","name":"Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PolyU 1-ZVFD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PolyU 1-ZVFD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011650","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Estimation of atmospheric visibility (VR) using ground and satellite sensors is ineffective under Hong Kong\u2019s complex atmosphere and climate. Therefore, the relationship between columnar Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) from four space-borne sensors (OMI, MODIS, MISR and CALIOP) and Bext from two visibility-recording stations was evaluated, to recommend an effective satellite-based method and spatial resolution, for estimation of VR over Hong Kong. Since most column-integrated aerosol particle extinction occurs within a mixing layer height (MLH) of 1\u20133 km, column-based AOD from satellites is expected to give a good indication of surface-level conditions, especially when MLH is a known input. The AOD from both MODIS and MISR showed high correlations with Bext; therefore, both were subjected to rigorous statistical analysis along with climatic data to simulate visibility. The best estimate of ground visibility was obtained from MODIS AOD combined with surface-level climatic data, and this explained 84% of the variance in VR, with a low distance error of 0.27 km. Results suggest that the water vapor mixing ratio (Q) alone can explain the combined effect of Atmospheric Pressure (P), Temperature (T) and Relative Humidity (RH) on VR, and that the advection term (VT) alone is sufficient to explain the effects of T, WS and WD on dispersion of aerosols, and hence on VR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T11:12:42Z","timestamp":1534849962000},"page":"1333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessment of MODIS, OMI, MISR and CALIOP Aerosol Products for Estimating Surface Visual Range: A Mathematical Model for Hong Kong"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3795-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Imran","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth &amp; Atmospheric Remote Sensing Lab (EARL), Department of Meteorology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4015-893X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet Elizabeth","family":"Nichol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0251-4550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aerosol and Radiation Section, Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA 93943, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Man Sing","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Total, A., and Year, A.T. 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