{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T12:28:21Z","timestamp":1770985701661,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]],"date-time":"2018-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["454779\/2015-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["454779\/2015-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of multifrequency and Full-polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data for retrieving both Above Ground Biomass (AGB) and Leaf Area Index (LAI) in the Amazon floodplain forest environment. Two specific questions were proposed: (a) Does multifrequency SAR data perform more efficiently than single-frequency data in estimating LAI and AGB of v\u00e1rzea forests?; and (b) Are quad-pol SAR data more efficient than single- and dual-pol SAR data in estimating LAI and AGB of v\u00e1rzea forest? To answer these questions, data from different sources (TerraSAR-X Multi Look Ground Range Detected (MGD), Radarsat-2 Standard Qual-Pol, advanced land observing satellite (ALOS)\/ phased-arrayed L-band SAR (PALSAR-1). Fine-beam dual (FDB) and quad Polarimetric mode) were combined in 10 different scenarios to model both LAI and AGB. A R-platform routine was implemented to automatize the selection of the best regression models. Results indicated that ALOS\/PALSAR variables provided the best estimates for both LAI and AGB. Single-frequency L-band data was more efficient than multifrequency SAR. PALSAR-FDB HV-dB provided the best LAI estimates during low-water season. The best AGB estimates at high-water season were obtained by PALSAR-1 quad-polarimetric data. The top three features for estimating AGB were proportion of volumetric scattering and both the first and second dominant phase difference between trihedral and dihedral scattering, extracted from Van Zyl and Touzi decomposition, respectively. The models selected for both AGB and LAI were parsimonious. The Root Mean Squared Error (RMSEcv), relative overall RMSEcv (%) and R2 value for LAI were 0.61%, 0.55% and 13%, respectively, and for AGB, they were 74.6 t\u00b7ha\u22121, 0.88% and 46%, respectively. These results indicate that L-band (ALOS\/PALSAR-1) has a high potential to provide quantitative and spatial information about structural forest attributes in floodplain forest environments. This potential may be extended not only with PALSAR-2 data but also to forthcoming missions (e.g., NISAR, Global Ecosystems Dynamics Investigation Lidar (GEDI), BIOMASS, Tandem-L) for promoting wall-to-wall AGB mapping with a high level of accuracy in dense tropical forest regions worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,27]],"date-time":"2018-08-27T10:56:04Z","timestamp":1535367364000},"page":"1355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Multifrequency and Full-Polarimetric SAR Assessment for Estimating Above Ground Biomass and Leaf Area Index in the Amazon V\u00e1rzea Wetlands"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Luciana O.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QJ, UK"},{"name":"Brazilian National Institute for Space Research-INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos SP 12245, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Luiz F. A.","family":"Furtado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian National Institute for Space Research-INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos SP 12245, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Geography, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 21941-916, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1223-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evlyn M. L. M.","family":"Novo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian National Institute for Space Research-INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos SP 12245, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Sidnei J. S.","family":"Sant\u2019Anna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brazilian National Institute for Space Research-INPE, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos SP 12245, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0564-7818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veraldo","family":"Liesenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forest Engineering, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages SC 88520-000, Brazil"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8174-0489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago S. F.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecosystem Dynamics Observatory, Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro SP 13506-900, Brazil"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45023","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/2\/4\/045023","article-title":"Monitoring and estimating tropical forest carbon stocks: Making redd a reality","volume":"2","author":"Gibbs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160010006926","article-title":"Cloud cover in Landsat observations of the brazilian Amazon","volume":"22","author":"Asner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Remote Sens."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, L., Sinha, P., Taylor, S., and Alqurashi, A.F. (2015). 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