{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T08:04:33Z","timestamp":1769933073824,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,8]],"date-time":"2018-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB-2015-256477"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB-2015-256477"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The coastal zones are areas with a high flow of energy and materials where diverse ecosystems are developed. The study of coastal oceanography is important to understand the variability of these ecosystems and determine their role in biogeochemical cycles and climate change. Sea surface temperature (SST) analysis is indispensable for the characterization of physical and biological processes, and it is affected by processes at diverse timescales. The purpose of this work is to analyze the oceanographic variability of the Eastern Coastal Zone of the Gulf of California through the study of the SST from time series analysis of monthly data obtained from remote sensors (AVHRR-Pathfinder Version 5.1 and Version 5 resolution of 4 km, MODIS-Aqua, resolution of 4 km) for the period 1981 to 2016. The descriptive analysis of SST series showed that the values decrease from south to north, as well as the amplitude of the warm period decrease from south to north (cold period increase from south to north). The minimum values occurred during January and February, and ranged between 18 and 20 \u00b0C; and maximum values, of about 32 \u00b0C, arose in August and September. Cluster analysis allowed to group the data in four regions (south, center, midriff islands and north), the spectral analysis in each region showed frequencies of variation in scales: Annual (the main), seasonal, semiannual, and interannual. The latter is associated with the El Ni\u00f1o and La Ni\u00f1a climatological phenomena.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T10:28:57Z","timestamp":1536575337000},"page":"1434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Variability of the Eastern Coastal Zone of the Gulf of California"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Carlos Manuel","family":"Robles-Tamayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Master\u2019s Program in Biosciences, Division of Biological and Health Sciences of the University of Sonora, Luis Donaldo Colosio s\/n, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4074-3602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Eduardo","family":"Valdez-Holgu\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Scientific and Technological Research of the University of Sonora, Luis Donaldo Colosio s\/n, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CONACYT, Center for Biological Research of the Northwest S.C. Nayarit Unit (UNCIBNOR+), Calle Dos No. 23. Cd del Conocimiento., Tepic 63173, Nayarit, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Gudelia","family":"Figueroa-Preciado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics of the University of Sonora, Luis Encinas y Rosales s\/n, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Herrera-Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada, La Paz Unit, Calle Miraflores No. 334, La Paz 23050, B.C.S., Mexico"}]},{"given":"Juana","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biological Research of the Northwest S.C. Sonora Unit, Guaymas Campus Km. 2.35 Camino al Tular del Estero de Bacochibampo, Heroica Guaymas 85400, Sonora, Mexico"}]},{"given":"Luis Fernando","family":"Enr\u00edquez-Oca\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Scientific and Technological Research of the University of Sonora, Luis Donaldo Colosio s\/n, Colonia Centro, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Ya\u00f1ez-Arancibia, A. (2010). La Zona Costera frente al cambio clim\u00e1tico: Vulnerabilidad de un sistema biocomplejo e implicaciones en el manejo costero. Impactos del Cambio Clim\u00e1tico Sobre la Zona Costera, Texas Sea Grant College Program. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez-de la Torre, B., and Gaxiola-Castro, G. (2007). Variabilidad del CO2 total durante eventos de surgencia en Bah\u00eda San Quint\u00edn, Baja California, M\u00e9xico. 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