{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T05:37:10Z","timestamp":1775281030477,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 41604005 and No.41272389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 41604005 and No.41272389"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Enterprise Commissioned Project","award":["No.D010102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.D010102"]}]},{"name":"Intergovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation Project","award":["No.2017YFE0107100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.2017YFE0107100"]}]},{"name":"TerraSAR-X images under scientific proposal","award":["LAN1173 and LAN1425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAN1173 and LAN1425"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Time Series Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (TS-InSAR) has high accuracy for monitoring slow surface subsidence. However, in the case of a large-scale mining subsidence areas, the monitoring capabilities of TS-InSAR are poor, owing to temporal and spatial decorrelation. To monitor mining subsidence effectively, a method known as Probability Integration Model Small Baseline Set (PIM-SBAS) was applied. In this method, mining subsidence with a large deformation gradient was simulated by a PIM. After simulated deformation was transformed into a wrapped phase, the residual wrapped phase was obtained by subtracting the simulated wrapped phase from the actual wrapped phase. SBAS was used to calculate the residual subsidence. Finally, the mining subsidence was determined by adding the simulated deformation to the residual subsidence. The time series subsidence of the Nantun mining area was derived from 10 TerraSAR-X (TSX) images for the period 25 December 2011 to 2 April 2012. The Zouji highway above the 9308 workface was the target for study. The calculated maximum mining subsidence was 860 mm. The maximum subsidence for the Zouji highway was about 145 mm. Compared with the SBAS method, PIM-SBAS alleviates the difficulty of phase unwrapping, and may be used to monitor large-scale mining subsidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10091444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]],"date-time":"2018-09-10T10:28:57Z","timestamp":1536575337000},"page":"1444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Method Combining Probability Integration Model and a Small Baseline Subset for Time Series Monitoring of Mining Subsidence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hongdong","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring of NASG, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3214-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China"}]},{"given":"Yahui","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, CGS, Baoding 071051, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Deng, K., Tan, Z., Jiang, Y., Dai, H., Shi, Y., and Xu, L. 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