{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T12:16:15Z","timestamp":1766578575306,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Open Project of the Key Lab of Enterprise Informationization and Internet of Things of Sichuan Province","award":["2017WZY01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017WZY01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11705122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11705122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE)","award":["2015RC08, 2017RCL54 and JG-1707"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015RC08, 2017RCL54 and JG-1707"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Remote Sensing"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a new method for real-time runway detection embedded in synthetic vision and an ROI (Region of Interest) based level set method. A virtual runway from synthetic vision provides a rough region of an infrared runway. A three-thresholding segmentation is proposed following Otsu\u2019s binarization method to extract a runway subset from this region, which is used to construct an initial level set function. The virtual runway also gives a reference area of the actual runway in an infrared image, which helps us design a stopping criterion for the level set method. In order to meet the needs of real-time processing, the ROI based level set evolution framework is implemented in this paper. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10101544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T11:12:26Z","timestamp":1537873946000},"page":"1544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Real-Time Runway Detection for Infrared Aerial Image Using Synthetic Vision and an ROI Based Level Set Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0301-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changjiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Lab of Enterprise Informationization and Internet of Things of Sichuan Province, Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anup","family":"Basu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.promfg.2015.07.558","article-title":"Target Detection with Helmet-Mounted Displays in Low Visibility Helicopter Operations","volume":"3","author":"Knabl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Procedia Manuf."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s10546-017-0276-8","article-title":"Efficient Prediction of Low-Visibility Events at Airports Using Machine-Learning Regression","volume":"165","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bound.-Layer Meteorol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"123","article-title":"Instrument Landing System as an Example of a Precision Approach System","volume":"93","author":"Stoltny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. 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